2018年河南高考英语真题
2018年高考将于6月7日开始，目前2018年河南高考英语真题已公布，考生可点击进入>2018年河南高考真题<进行查看，或点击进入2018年全国高考真题及答案解析汇总页面，进行真题内容及答案解析内容查询!预祝所有考生取得好成绩!
全国卷Ⅰ(适用地区：河南、河北、山西、江西、湖北、湖南、广东、安徽、福建、山东)
第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)
第一节(共15小题:每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Washington, D. C Bicycle Tours
Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington,
Duration:3 hours
This small group bike touris a fantastic way to see the world famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington，D.C. Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability-and the cherry blossoms-disappear!
Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour
Duration: 3 hours(4 miles)
Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington,D.C. Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares uniquefacts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water.
Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D. C
Duration: 3 hours
Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for D. C. newcomers and localslooking to experience Washington,D.C. in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides willentertainyou with the mostinterestingstories about Presidents，Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route(路线)makecycling between the sites fun and relaxing.
Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
Duration:3 hours (7 miles)
Join a small group bike tour for an evening of exploration in the heart of Washington,D.C. Get up close to the monuments and memorials as you bike the sites of Capitol Hill andthe National Mall. Frequent stops are made for photo taking as your guide offers unique factsand history. Tour includes bike, helmet, and bottled water. All riders are equipped withreflective vests and safety lights.
21.Which tour do you need to book in advance?
A Cherry BlossomBike Tour in Washington,D.C.
B.Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour.
C. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, D. C
D. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour.
22. What will you do on the Capital City Bike Tour?
A. Meet famous people.
B. Go to a national park.
C. Visit well-known museums.
D.Enjoy interesting stories.
23. Which of the following does the bicycletour at night provide?
A. Citymaps.
B. Cameras.
C. Meals.
D. Safety lights.
B
Good MorningBritain's Susanna Reid is used to grilling guests on the sofa everymorning，but she is cooking up a storm in her latest role -showing families how to preparedelicious and nutritious meals on a tight budget。
In Save Money: Good Food, she visits a different home each week and with the help ofchef Matt Tebbutt offers top tips on how to reduce food waste, while preparing recipes forunder ￡5 per family a day. And the Good Morning Britain presenter says she's been able toput a lot of what she'slearnt into practice in her own home,preparing meals for sons, Sam, 14,Finn, 13, and Jack, 11.
“We love Mexicanchurros so I buy them on my phone from my local Mexicantakeaway restaurant, "she explains. "I pay ￡5 for a portion(份)，but Matt makes them for 26p a portion, because they are flour, water, sugar and oil. Everybody can buy takeaway food,but sometimes we 're not aware how cheaply we can make this food ourselves.”
The eight-part series(系列节目), Save money: Good Food, follows in the footsteps ofITV's Save Money：Good Health, which gave viewers advice on how to get value from thevast range of health products on the market.
With food our biggest weeklyhouseholdexpense, Susanna and Matt spend time witha different family each week. In tonight's Easter special they come to the aid of a family in needof some delicious inspiration on a budget. The team transforms the family's long weekend ofcelebration with less expensive but still tasty recipes.
24.What dowe knowabout Susanna Reid?
A. She enjoys embarrassing her guests.
B. She has started a new programme.
C. She dislikes working early in the morning.
D. She has had a tight budget for her family.
25. How does Matt Tebbutt help Susanna
A. He buys cooking materials for her.
B. He prepares food forher kids.
C. He assists her in cooking matters.
D. He invites guest families for her.
26.What does theauthor intend to do in paragraph 4?
A.Summarize the previous paragraphs.
B. Provide someadvice for the readers.
C. Add some background information.
D: Introduce a new topicfor discussion.
27. What can be a suitable title for the text?
A. Keeping Fit by Eating Smart
B. Balancing Our Daily Diet
C. Making Yourself a Perfect Chef
D. Cooking Well for Less
C
Languages have been coming and going for thousands of years, but in recent times therehas been less coming and a lot moregoing.When the world was still populated byhunter-gatherers，small，tightly knit(联系)groups developed their own patterns of speechindependent of each other. Some language experts believe that 10,000 years ago, when theworld had just five to ten million people, they spoke perhaps 12, 000 languages between them.
Soon afterwards, many of those people started settling down to become farmers, andtheir languages too became more settled and fewer in number. In recent centuries, trade,industrialisation, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsoryeducation, especially globalisationand better communications in the past few decades, allhavecaused many languages todisappear, and dominantlanguages such as English，Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over.
At present, the world has about 6, 800 languages. The distribution of these languages ishugely uneven. The general rule is that mild zones have relatively few languages, oftenspoken by many people, while hot wet zones have lots, often spoken by small numbers.Europe has only around 200 languages; the Americas about 1, 000; Africa 2, 400; and Asia andthe Pacific perhaps 3,200, of which Papua New Guinea alone accountsfor well over 800.Themedian number(中位数)of speakers is mere 6,000,which that half the world'slanguages are spoken by fewer people than that.
Already well over 400 of the total of 6, 800 languages are close to extinction (消亡), withonly a few elderly speakers left. Pick, at random, Busuu in Cameroon(eight remaining speakers), Chiapaneco in Mexico (150), Lipan Apache in the United States (two or three)orWadjiguin Australia (one, with a question-mark): none of these seems to have much chanceof survival.
28. What can we infer about languages in hunter-gatherer times?
A. They developed very fast
B. They were large in number
C. They had similar patterns
D. They were closely connected
29. Which of the following best explains "dominant"underlined in paragraph 2?
A. Complex
B .Advanced
C.Powerful.
D. Modern
30. How many languages are spoken by less than 6,000 people atpresent?
A. About 6,800
B, About 3,400
C. About 2,400
D. About 1,200
31. What is the main idea of the text?
A. New languages will be created.
B. People's lifestyles are reflected in languages.
C. Human development results in fewer languages.
D Geography determines language evolution.
D
We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worntechnology at the first sightof something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置)well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment- and our wallets - as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.
To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleaguesat the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for eachproduct throughout its life - from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s.Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers，basic mobile phones, and box-setTVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997.And WP3 players, smart phones,and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002，before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.
As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn't throw out our old ones."Theliving-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and suddenly one day，you have a TV in every room of the house,”said one researcher. The average number ofelectronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keepingthese old devices - We continue to use them.According to the analysis of Babbitt's team,olddesktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energyconsumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling duringthe 1992 to 2007 window.
So what' s the solution(解决方案)? The team' s data only went up to2007，but theresearchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with newelectronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TVviewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVsand desktop computers could cut energy consumptionby 44%.
32. What does the author think of new devices?
A. They are environment-friendly.
B. They are no better than the old.
C. They cost more to use at home.
D. They go out of style quickly.
33. Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research?
A. To reduce the cost of minerals.
B. To test the life cycle of a product.
C. To update consumers on new technology.
D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.
34. Which of the following uses the least energy?
A. The box-set TV.
B.The tablet.
C.The LCD TV.
D.The desktop computer.
35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?
A.Stop usingthem
B. Take them apart
C. Upgrade them.
D. Recycle them.
第二节(共5小题：每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Color is fundamental in home design-something you’ll always have in every room. Agrasp of how to manage color inyourspaces inone of the firststeps to creating rooms you'lllove to live in. Do you want a room that's full of life? Professional? Or are you just lookingfor a place to relax after a long day?36 ___ , color is the key to making a room feel theway you want it to feel
Over the years, there have been a number of different techniques to help designersapproach this important point.37 ，they can get a little complex.But good news is thatthere’erreally onlythree kinds of decisionsyou need to make about color in your home: thesmall ones, the medium ones, and the large ones.
___38__ ，They‘re the little spots of color like throw pillows, mirrors and baskets thatmost of us use to add visual interest to our rooms. Less tiring than painting your walls andless expensive than buying a colorful sofa, small color choices bring with them the significantbenefit of being easily changeable.
Medium color choices are generally furniture pieces such as sofas, dinner tables orbookshelves.39 . They requirea bigger commitment than smaller ones, and they havea more powerful effect on the feeling of a space.
The large color decisions in your rooms concern the walls, ceilings, and floors. Whetheryou're looking at wallpaper or paint, the time, effort and relative expense put into it aresignificant.40__ .
A. While all of them are useful
B. Whatever you're looking for
C. If you're experimenting with a color
D. Small color choices are the ones we’re most familiar with
E. it's not really a good idea to use too many small color pieces
F. So it pays to be sure, because you want to get it right the first time
G. Color choices in this range are a step up from the small ones in two majorways
第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)
第一节(共20小题;每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
During my second year at the city college,I was told that the education department wasoffering a“free”course, called Thinking Chess, for three credits. I41 the idea oftaking the class because, after all, who doesn’t want to 42 afew dollars? More than that, I’d always wanted to learn chess. And, even if I weren’t43 enough about freecredits, news about our44was appealing enough to me. He was an international grandmaster, which45 I would be learning from one of the game’s 46 I could hardly wait to47him.
Maurice Ashley was kind and smart, a former graduate returning to teach, and this48 wasno game for him ; hemeant business. In his introduction, he made it49that ourcredits would be hard-earned. In order to50 the class among other criteria, wehad to write a paper on how we plan to51what we would learn in class to our futureprofessions and52.to our lives. I managed to get an A in that53 and leaned lifelessons that have served me well beyond the54.
Ten years after my chess class with Ashley,I' m still putting to use what he55me：“the absolute mostimportant 56 that you learn when you play chess is how to makegood57 . On every single move you have to58 a situation,process whatyouropponent (对手) is doing and 59 the best move from among all your options.”Thesewords still ring true today in my60 as a journalist.
41.
B
C
D. turned down
42.
B
C
D
43. A
B. worried
C. moved
D
44. A
B
C
D. instructor
45. A
B
C.
D.
46. A. fastest
B
C. best
D. rarest
47. A
B.
C
D
48. A. chance
B
C
D.
49.
B.
C.
D
50. A
B
C.
D. observe
51. A. add
B
C
D. compare
52. A. eventuall
B. naturall
C. directly
D. normally
53. A. game
B. presentation
C.
D. experiment
54. A. criterion
B
C
D. situation
55. A. taught
B
C. questioned
D. promised
56. A. fact
B. step
C. manner
D. skill
57. A
B. decisions
C
D
58. A
B. describe
C. rebuild
D. control
59.
B. signal
C. block
D
60. A. role
B.
C
D. behavior
第二节
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years
While
The best exercise is one that you enjoy and will do. But otherwise
第四部分
第一节
假定英语课上老师
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词
删除:把多余的词用斜线
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计
During my last winter holiday, I went to countryside with my father to visit my grandparents.
第二节
假定你是李华,你的新西兰
1.到达时间
2.合适的礼物
3.餐桌礼仪
注意:
1.词数100左右
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯
