厦门市2022届高三毕业班第二次质量检测

英语

本试卷共12页。满分150分。

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等信息填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上，录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £ 19.15.  B. £ 9.18.  C. £ 9.15.

答案是C。

1. How does the man feel?

A. Relaxed. B. Confident. C. Anxious.

2. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Schoolmates. B. Brother and sister. C. Mother and son.

3. Whose books will Amy probably choose?

A. Dickens'. B. Agatha's. C. Conan's.

4. How does the woman speaker find the blanket?

A. Lovely. B. Low-key. C. Expensive.

5. Where does the conversation take place?

A. On a farm. B. At a chocolate shop. C. In a restaurant.

第二节（共15小题；每小题1. 5分，满分22. 5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. How much does the man spend on other things monthly?

A. $300.  B. $1, 465.  C. $2, 365.

7. What will the man probably do to reduce the budget?

A. Bargain over the rent.  B. Quit the gym membership.  C. Cut expenses on shopping.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. A fun run. B. A cartoon show. C. Free-gift delivery.

9. What will the man do?

A. Organize a fashion design show.

B. Wear a cartoon character costume.

C. Participate in making toy clothes.

10. Why does the woman help the man in the end?

A. To live up to his image. B. To push him to lose weight. C. To prepare him for the event.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11. What is Simon doing?

A. Exploring the coastline. B. Taking scenic pictures. C. Sharing his recent trip.

12. Where was Simon headed after landing?

A. Kyushu. B. Bay of Islands. C. Rotorua.

13. What might impress Kate most?

A. Beaches with clear water. B. Maori culture and history. C. The bubbling mud pool.

听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

14. What are the speakers doing?

A. Enjoying a bus tour. B. Talking on the phone. C. Making a travel plan.

15. How far is it to the destination according to the man?

A. About 15 minutes' ride. B. About 30 minutes' ride. C. About 45 minutes' ride.

16. Where does the man live?

A. In the heart of downtown. B. On the north side of the park. C. On the south side of the city.

17. Why does Mina take the man's suggestion?

A. To adjust her schedule. B. To reach the destination faster. C. To improve her sense of time.

听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。

18. Who is John Russell?

A. A reporter. B. A detective. C. A researcher.

19. When do the seeds date back?

A. Over 23, 000 years. B. 21, 130 to 22, 800 years. C. 13, 000 to 26, 000 years.

20. Which continent did the past migration path link Alaska with?

A. Asia. B. Africa. C. America.

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2. 5分，满分37. 5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

Letter 1 Your article （November） mentioned a doctor's visit for “heat and compression” treatment. I bought an inexpensive microwavable moist-heat eye compress online and use it for several minutes at bedtime to help open the oil glands. Plus, the warmth and ritual help me relax and fall asleep. No more messy washcloth compresses for me! —Julie Evans Minneapolis, Minnesota

Letter 2 The Quality Inn in Kodak, Tennessee, turning into a shelter during a historic winter storm showed so much kindness that I read the story twice （November）. For Sean Patel to open his hotel to locals in need during the storm and power outage, at Christmastime and for just $25 （the lowest price the corporate regulations would allow）, was priceless. The town is a better place because of Patel and his staff. —Annette Wolfe Shelton, Connecticut

Letter 3 You suggested using toothpicks to raise a pot lid and prevent the pot from boiling over （October）. I prevent boilovers by just laying a wooden spoon over the open pot. The spoon will pop most of the bubbles on contact—hasn't failed me yet! —Pam Snellgrove LaGrange, Georgia

Letter 4 The story about a snorkeler, Carter Viss, who lost his arm after getting hit by a speedboat （October）—and then forgiving the driver—was among the most compelling I've ever read. Here was a story of health and loss, sea and shore, healing and the hope to endure out of the darkness into the light. Simply marvelous! —Leander Jones Northport, Alabama

1. Which of the following highlights Letter 1?

A. We Found a Fix. B. Dealing with Dry Eye.

C. Run Over by a Speedboat. D. So Nice You Have to Read It Twice.

2. Who forgave the driver after an accident?

A. Annette Wolfe. B. Pam Snellgrove.

C. Carter Viss. D. Leander Jones.

3. What do these four letters have in common?

A. They are notes on past issues.  B. They give advice on how to read.

C. They are remarks on human virtues.  D. They offer information about health.
 

B

I live in Xizhou in Yunnan Province, on the historic Tea Horse Road. I have to admit that when I first heard that Paul Salopek was going to walk the entire globe on his own two feet, I was blown away. I couldn't imagine that there could be such an unusual person in the world.

Last May, I met Paul. He told me that it was his first time in China. He talked to me with great excitement about the history, migrations, and discoveries in my region of China. He spoke of the Shu-Yandu Dao （the Southern Silk Road）, the travels of the 17th-century Chinese explorer Xu Xiake, the Tea Horse Road and the early 20th-century American botanist Joseph Rock. He also talked of Xuanzang. Paul considered many of them heroes and in a sense Chinese pioneers of slow journalism.

I decided to accompany Paul on his walk toward Yunnan. On September 28, 2021, we set out. Our days were simple: walk, eat, sleep, and repeat. We woke up at sunrise, set off in high spirits, and rested at sunset, dragging ourselves into exhausted sleep.

We met many people on the road. Some were curious, surrounding us and watching us； some gave us directions； some invited us into their home to take a rest； some spoke of the charm of their hometown. We met many beautiful souls, simple souls and warm souls. We were walking with our minds.

Together, we were impressed by the biodiversity of the Gaoligong Mountains. As I walked on ancient paths through mountains, I seemed to hear the antique voices of past travelers urging me to be careful on the road.

Looking back on the more than 200 miles I walked with Paul, I came to a realization. Walking for its own sake, while healthy and admirable, is only a small part of the benefit of moving with our feet. A deeper reward is rediscovering the world around us, shortening the distance between each other, and sharing each other's cultures.

4. How did the writer first respond to Paul's travel plan?

A. Scared. B. Puzzled. C. Disappointed. D. Surprised.

5. What can we learn about Paul Salopek from paragraph 2?

A. He was a western journalist. B. He had a knowledge of China.

C. He came to China several times. D. He was Joseph Rock's acquaintance.

6. What does paragraph 4 tell us about the writer and Paul?

A. They honored the ancestors. B. They set off in high spirits.

C. They satisfied the locals' curiosity. D. They built bonds with people.

7. What is the main purpose of the writer's writing the text?

A. To share and reflect on a journey. B. To suggest a new way of travel.

C. To advocate protection of biodiversity. D. To introduce and promote Chinese culture.
 

C

Time zones were created by railroad officials to deal with a major headache. It was becoming impossible to know what time it was. At that time each town or city in the US kept its own solar time. “Fifty-six standards of time are now employed by the various railroads in preparing their schedules of running time,” reported The New York Timeson April 19, 1883.

In 1883, railroad representatives attended the General Railroad Time Convention. On April 11, railroad officials agreed to create five time zones in North America. And the new standard took effect on November 18, 1883.

Though the new time standard was not sanctionedby the federal government, the Naval Observatory in Washington offered to send, by telegraph, a new time signal so people could synchronize （同步） their watches. Most people had no objection to the new time standard. An article in The New York Timeson November 16, 1883 noted, “The passenger from Chicago to New Orleans, can make the entire run without changing his watch.”

As the time change was instituted by the railroads, and voluntarily accepted by many towns and cities, some incidents of confusion appeared. A report in The Philadelphia Inquireron November 21, 1883, described an incident where a debtor had been ordered to report to a Boston courtroom before 10:00. He appeared at 9:48, standard time, but was ruled that it was after 10:00.

Incidents like that demonstrated the need for everyone to adopt the new standard time. However, there were objections. An item in The New York Timeson June 28, 1884, detailed how the city of Louisville had given up on standard time. Louisville set all its clocks ahead 18 minutes to return to solar time.

By the 1890s, standard time and time zones were accepted as ordinary. The successful adoption in the US in 1883 set an example of how time zones could spread across the globe. The following year, a conference in Paris created the time zones worldwide and eventually they came into use.

8. What was the headache of the railroad officers?

A.Various railroads. B. Different solar times.

C. Endless conferences. D. Frequent press coverage.

9. What does the underlined word “sanctioned” in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A. Approved. B. Replaced.

C. Tested. D. Raised.

10. Evidence of opposition to standard time was available in __________.

A. The New York Times（April 19, 1883）

B. The New York Times（November 16, 1883）

C. The Philadelphia Inquirer（November 21, 1883）

D. The New York Times（June 28, 1884）

11. What is the last paragraph mainly about?

A.The US simplified time zones. B. Paris created its time zone.

C. Time zones went worldwide. D. Time zones proved effective.
 

D

Compared to metal, ceramics （陶瓷） can better resist high temperatures and certain severe environments, but they are fragile. This potentially causes problems for innovators trying to create lightweight versions of these materials, explaining why ceramic materials are not typically used as structural components.

Facing the challenging task of developing lightweight, high-strength ceramic materials, Mechanical Engineering Assistant Professor Ling Li has turned to the knobby sea star from the tropical Indo-Pacific for design inspiration.

Sea star skeletons （骨骼） are made of an easily broken material. However, the body of the sea star demonstrates high strength and flexibility. Uncovering the principles of this structure may help solve the challenges of making stronger ceramics.

What the team found was unexpected. The skeleton of the knobby star consists of many millimeter-sized skeletal elements. Li and his team discovered that each is constructed of a microlattice （微晶） structure so uniform that it can be described mathematically. Even more interesting, the team found the uniform structure of the microlattice is essentially a single crystal structure at atomic level.

Based on the finding, Li and his collaborators used 3D printing to model and generate large-scale versions of these complex lattice structures, a useful approach in understanding the complexity of these unique geometries. While the 3D-printed models created by Li's team were indeed visually inspiring, the technology needed to bring new, stronger ceramic micro-architectures to market still lay in the future. Currently, 3D printers produce structures at the micrometer level, but printing ceramics still requires firing the final product, which possibly introduces many uncontrolled tiny holes and cracks. These make the structures extremely fragile.

Li hopes that continued advances in the field of 3D printing and further understanding of the formation mechanisms of biological structures like sea star skeletons eventually offer a solution.

12. What does Li's team mainly focus on to improve ceramics?

A. Their strength. B. Their flexibility.

C. Their heat-resistance. D. Their main component.

13. In which aspect do the researchers explore sea star skeletons?

A. Function. B. Material. C. Structure. D. Size.

14. What is a barrier to the practical application of the finding?

A. The inability to print tiny structures.

B. The failure to produce a larger sea star model.

C. Inadequate technology in heating products.

D. Misunderstanding in the nature of ceramics.

15. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A. The Secret in Fragile Skeletons

B. 3D Printing for Sea Star Models

C. Ceramics as Perfect Structural Components

D. A Star in the World of Ceramic Engineering
 

第二节（共5小题；每小题2. 5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Research shows that we spend one-third to one-half of our waking life not living in the present. ___16___Our brains transport us to past events, imagined future scenes and other internal thoughts.

This allows for introspection （内省） — the space to imagine, remember, reflect and then use these fantasies to solve problems, innovate and create. But introspection can sometimes lead to more harm than good. ___17___When we focus inward to work through our problems, we may find that doing so causes us to feel worse. Negative thought cycles like this can make our capacity for introspection feel more like a curse than a blessing.

The fact that introspection is both a helpful tool and destructive force is a great contradiction of the human mind. Fortunately, science has begun to explain why this happens, and how to control it.

___18___This fires up our emotions to the degree of rejecting alternative ways of thinking about the issue that might cool us down. In other words, we lose insight. One natural solution to this problem is to zoom out — to “step back” from your problems so you can think about them more objectively. ___19___However, not just any conversation will do. The key is to focus on talking to people who not only allow you to express your emotions but also help broaden your horizons.

Introspection is central to the makeup of the human mind. The challenge is to minimize the negative aspects while achieving its potential. ___20___

A. But it can be wonderful to live in the past.

B.We naturally separate from the here and now.

C. It might contribute to anxiety and depression.

D. Another way to gain insight is to talk to others.

E. Regulating negative emotions also helps to reason wisely.

F. Negative thought cycles occur when we zoom in too close on our problems.

G. Being aware of how our minds work can help us make the best of introspection.
 

第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I love and enjoy playing the piano. So when the recital （音乐演奏会） was ___21___, I was disappointed. I had expected it for long and already ___22___my best songs.

However, Mom turned this ___23___into something worthwhile. “You should ___24___at Carriage House Manor. I'm sure the ___25___there would really appreciate the music.” To me, this was a win-win situation because not only would I play more songs, but I have the chance to ___26___the residents, some of whom tragically didn't have families.

The much-anticipated day ___27___arrived. Stepping into the dining area, I saw several gray-haired people seemingly enjoying a dinner and the ___28___. Despite on-going conversations at tables, ___29___still hung like a dark cloud in the room. After introductions, I sat down in front of the piano, butterflies in my stomach. But my ____30____melted away as I played on.

The dinner hour flew by. One woman got up and began to cheerfully ____31____about the room to the beat of the ____32____while others snapped their fingers （打响指）. I was ____33____to see how music brought big smiles to their faces.

Calling off the recital was a blessing because it led to us ____34____the gift of music with those who needed it most. Go spread ____35____whenever possible.

21. A. cancelled B. sponsored C. organized D. postponed

22. A. recorded B. prepared C. composed D. sung

23. A. burnout B. letdown C. getaway D. turnaround

24. A. relax B. investigate C. perform D. wait

25. A. seniors B. nurses C. guards D. musicians

26. A. cheer up B. settle down C. comment on D. hunt for

27. A. simply B. accidentally C. finally D. nearly

28. A. freedom B. vacation C. company D. privilege

29. A. silence B. horror C. confusion D. loneliness

30. A. desperation B. nervousness C. frustration D. embarrassment

31. A. spin B. wander C. dance D. glance

32.A. drums B. heart C. words D. music

33. A. determined B. upset C. curious D. amazed

34. A. carrying B. exchanging C. discussing D. sharing

35. A. faith B. kindness C. message D. awareness
 

第二节（共10小题；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Many excellent warship crews have been trained on aircraft carrier the Liaoning of the People's Liberation Army Navy. As the only female deck operation officer on it, Remila Dabul of Kazak ethnicity （哈萨克族）, whose story ___36___（report） by the media in January, has attracted much public attention.

Before working on the deck, Remila was a radar and telephone ___37___（operate）. But when she first saw a J-15 fighter taking off, the idea of working alongside it crossed her mind. ___38___eager was she to be a crew member that she overcame many difficulties and ultimately became ___39___（qualify）.

During her work, Remila wears a blue helmet, goggles, and blue suits. After a J-15 lands, ___40___she needs to do is carry the heavy wire after ___41___（get） signals and run to the fighter to take a series of actions for a quick installation. “The higher risk our work is, the ___42___（firm） belief we should have,” said Remila. She has put her belief ___43___practice in her daily security and guarantee work.

This year, Remila spent her ___44___（five） Spring Festival aboard the carrier. Remila said, “I miss my parents in Xinjiang. I love my career and ____45____（be） willing to shoulder the responsibility to safeguard the happiness and peaceful life of millions of families in the motherland.”
 

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

46. 你校英语俱乐部将举办英语演讲比赛，请以Family Education Shapes Me为主题，写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：

1.良好的家庭教育方式；

2.成长的启示。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

第二节（满分25分）

47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Shrieking Toad and Dancing Ant

Kids got nicknames at a summer camp, and mine is Shrieking Toad （尖叫的蛤蟆）. I guess it was my fault that I couldn't get a cool one.

A bunch of us campers were on our first nature walk. When we broke for lunch, we sat down on logs. I was on my nuts when a tree frog dropped onto my shirt from the branches above. I shrieked. It was totally unconscious and I didn't even know I could make a sound like that. Most kids forgot about it except Stan. Whenever I walked by, he'd shout, “Shrieking Toad, show us how you can hop!” I corrected him that it had been an eastern gray tree frog, not a toad, but that just made things worse.

Three days later, Counselor Matt announced we would be paired for a treasure hunt. Excited whispers spread through the camp. But when he read “Jay and Stan” as a team, my nerves got completely fried. Stan shouted, “Great! Shrieking Toad!” Then he called to the group, and I went red at what came out of his mouth. “Guys, if mosquitoes are bugging you, ask Shrieking Toad to eat them. Toads love bugs!” Kids roared with laughter.

After all the teams wandered off, Stan and I were alone. Then I had a great idea, surprising myself that I hadn't thought of it earlier. I suggested we split up so as to have a better chance of finding treasures. “Yeah, I'd better do what I'm toad （told）.” Stan laughed and set off.

Ten minutes later, I heard something that reminded me of myself a few days ago. I ran toward the sound. I never would have believed it if I hadn't seen it with my own eyes. Stan was jumping around near a mud pool like a monkey, shrieking and yelling something that sounded jumping around near a mud pool like a monkey, shrieking and yelling something that sounded like “Dance! Dance!” Seeing him scratching at his body and hitting at his clothes made me realize what he was really saying: “Ants! Ants!”

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡相应位置作答。

I rushed towards Stan and tried to help him.

_________________________________________________________________________________

That night, we all routinely sat around the campfire and I saw Stan's worry as clear as daylight.

_________________________________________________________________________________