福建省厦门第一中学2021—2022学年度第一学期12月月考

高三年英语试卷

第一部分 听力（共两节, 满分30分）

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分, 满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1. Where does the conversation probably take place?

A. In a flower shop. B. In a restaurant.C. In a supermarket.

2. What does the man want to buy?

A. An ice cream. B. A watermelon. C. Some peaches.

3. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Friends.

4. How does the woman feel?

A. Calm. B. Excited. C. Unhappy.

5. Why does the man make the call?

A. His neighbor needs help. B. He has a hearing problem.C. His telephone is broken.

第二节

听下面5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6 段材料，回答第6、7 题。

6. What will the man do?

A. Open the window. B. Tidy the things up. C. Mop the floor.

7. How will the woman deal with the old things?

A. By donating them.

B. By putting them in the cabinet.

C. By getting rid of them.

听第7 段材料，回答第8 至10 题。

8. What does the man say about newspapers?

A. They're out of fashion.

B. Almost no one reads them now.

C. They're useful.

9. How often does the man buy magazines?

A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Once a quarter.

10. What does the woman like doing?

A. Reading books in the sunny afternoon.

B. Reading magazines in a cafe.

C. Reading books about fashion.

听第8 段材料，回答第11 至13 题。

11. What day is it today?

A. Friday. B. Saturday. C. Sunday.

12. Who will the man probably travel with?

A. The woman. B. The woman's sister. C. The speakers' friend.

13. Where is the woman's sister now?

A. In the hospital. B. At the woman's home.C. In her own workplace.

听第9 段材料，回答第14 至17 题。

14. How did the woman know about the apartment?

A. From an advertisement. B. From the former renter.C. From a friend.

15. When will the apartment be cleaned?

A. By tomorrow afternoon. B. In five days. C. In ten days.

16. What does the man think of the apartment?

A. It isn't furnished. B. It's in need of repair.C. It's quite convenient.

17. What may annoy the woman?

A. Walking a long way to buy things.

B. Something often goes wrong.

C. Moving house.

听第10 段材料，回答第18 至20 题。

18. How many parcels are expected to be delivered this year?

A. 30.8 billion. B. 83 billion. C. 95.5 billion.

19. What will be done to encourage greener packaging?

A. 2,000 boxes recycle stations will be built.

B. All packages will be wrapped only once.

C. New energy vehicles will be used to deliver packages.

20. What is on the list?

A. The locations of recycle stations.

B. The wrapping products.

C. The types of new energy vehicles.
 

第二部分 阅读（共两节, 满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分, 满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

The news that all teachers were expected to attend camp with their students left me feeling unsettled. For the first time in more than 20 years, I would need to spend three days in the early autumn bush with 120 14-year-olds.

I love spending time with teenagers. But I teach Grade 12 English and am 51 years old. There is a difference between a literary seminar on King Lear, no matter how lively it may be, and late-night party in a campground. Besides, my idea of “outdoors” is biking on the Ottawa bike paths or sitting in the backyard with a cup of tea and a good book.

Eventually, we turn down a long dirt track that dives deep into a forest. I read the schedule and note the impressive minute-by-minute detail for the next 72 hours. I've never faced such a structured（高度组织化） time since, well, when I went to camp in Grade 9. I think of home.

The next morning, I arise early. It is 7 a.m. Time for the polar bear dip. Everyone asks if I am going to swim. I respond with lame excuses and then wander, like a Grade 8 boy at the edges of a middle-school dance. Kids charge in, great plumes（股流） of water rising up around them as they shout with joy. My colleagues link arms, count down and run into the water bravely. Toweling off, the swimmers discuss the water temperature. The regret that I knew I would feel starts to kill me. I will now forever be the guy who did not take part in the polar bear dip. I walk slowly up to the dining hall and decide that from that moment on I will commit fully to camp life. My unwillingness to do anything is replaced with a burning desire to do everything.

At 7 a.m. the next morning, I am the first person on the beach in my bathing suit. I dive into the water. I scream about how good it feels. Toweling off afterward, I talk to anyone within earshot about the temperature of the water.

Later that day, the camp winds down. Something has happened in this camp. To the students, for sure, but also to me. When the last camper leaves, I give the camp director a big hug.

1. How did the author feel before the camp?

A. Angry. B. Disappointed.

C. Anxious. D. Excited.

2. Why does the author mention the literary seminar in Paragraph2?

A. To stress its liveliness. B. To explain its topic.

C. To introduce his preference. D. To show its similarity to camping.

3. Why does the author decide to devote himself to camping?

A. He is fed up with making excuses.

B. He hates to be regret-stricken.

C. He desires to show off his swimming skills.

D. He is encouraged to do so by his colleagues.

4. What happened to the author at the end of the camp?

A. He has used up his energy.

B. He misses home very much.

C. He turns into a camp director.

D. He has become a camp lover.

【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. D

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文叙述了作为老师的作者得知都要和学生一起参加露营的消息从起初的感到不安，到参加露营并喜欢上露营的故事。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段“The news that all teachers were expected to attend camp with their students left me feeling unsettled.”可知，所有老师都要和学生一起参加露营的消息使我感到不安。所以作者在露营开始之前感到焦虑不安。故选C项。

【2题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“There is a difference between a literary seminar on King Lear, no matter how lively it may be, and late-night party in a campground.”可知，论李尔王的文学讨论会，不管有多热闹，与露营地的深夜晚会是有区别的。所以作者更喜欢的是文学讨论会而不是露营晚会。由此判断出作者为什么在第二段提到文学研讨会目的是介绍他的偏好。故选C项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“The regret that I knew I would feel starts to kill me. I will now forever be the guy who did not take part in the polar bear dip. I walk slowly up to the dining hall and decide that from that moment on I will commit fully to camp life.”可知，我知道自己会感到后悔，这种后悔开始杀死我。我将永远是那个没有参加北极熊潜水的人。我慢慢地走到餐厅，决定从那一刻起，我将全身心地投入到露营生活中。由此可知，为什么作者决定投身于露营是因为他不喜欢后悔。故选B项。

【4题详解】

细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“At 7 a.m. the next morning, I am the first person on the beach in my bathing suit. I dive into the water. I scream about how good it feels. ”第二天早上7点，我是第一个穿着泳衣来到海滩上的人。我潜入水中。我尖叫着说那感觉有多好。根据最后一段“When the last camper leaves, I give the camp director a big hug.”当最后一个露营者离开的时候，我给了营地主任一个大大的拥抱。所以露营结束时，他成了一个露营爱好者。故选D项。
 

B

Born on May 27, 1907 in Springdale, Pennsylvania, Rachel Carson became an explorer as well as reader, and took an interest in writing stories. By age 10, she had published her first story in St. Nicholas. She would often read this magazine, as well as many others that concerned the natural world. In 1925, she finished at the top of her class in high school in a class of 45 students.

Carson went on to attend the Pennsylvania College for Women, which is known as Chatham University now. This is where she ended up pursuing the sciences, in this case, biology. She would eventually attend Johns Hopkins University in 1929, continuing her studies in zoology and genetics.

Carson completed her Master's in zoology in June of 1932, and went to work at a local radio station. Here she would write educational broadcasts for a weekly radio show called Romance Under the Waters. This led her to her job at the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, and she became just the second woman to be employed by the bureau.

In 1951, Carson had her book The Sea Around Uspublished, which explains the complexity of the ocean to non-scientists. Carson wrote the book with poetry and science, and she intended to spark in her readers a sense of the fragility of the world's ecosystem. The Sew Around Usmade Carson the voice of public science in America, an internationally recognized authority on the oceans, and established her reputation as a nature writer of the first rank.

In 1962, Carson became well-known when her most famous book Silent Spring was published. This book described the negative effects of pesticides on the environment. Her concern with pesticides dated back to the 1940s, but no one would take her seriously until this book was finally published On April 14th, 1964, Carson passed away due to a heart attack but her work towards preserving the environment has continued to this day. Silent Spring was even republished in 1994 with an introduction from then vice-president Al Gore.

5. What do we know about Carson's early life?

A. She was a great fan of St. Nicholas. B. She worked part-time at a radio station.

C. She pursued the sciences in high school. D. She moved to Springdale at the age of 10.

6. According to the text, The Sea Around Us________.

A. is a science book for professionals.

B. was published after Carson passed away.

C. aimed to raise public environmental awareness.

D. has made Carson a fiction writer of international significance.

7. What might be Al Gore's attitude toward Silent Spring?

A. Critical. B. Ambiguous. C. Skeptical. D. Approving.

【答案】5. A 6. C 7. D

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了一位著名的科学家兼作家Rachel Carson。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第一段“By age 10, she had published her first story in St. Nicholas. She would often read this magazine, as well as many others that concerned the natural world.（到了10岁，她在St. Nicholas出版了她的第一篇小说。她经常读这本杂志，以及许多其他有关自然世界的杂志）”可知，Rachel Carson从小就喜欢看St. Nicholas这本杂志，是其忠实的读者。故选A。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段“Carson wrote the book with poetry and science, and she intended to spark in her readers a sense of the fragility of the world' s ecosystem.（Rachel Carson用诗歌和科学来写这本书，她想激发读者对世界生态系统脆弱性的认识）”可知，Rachel Carson写这本书目的是提高人们对环保的意识。故选C。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章最后一句“Silent Spring was even republished in 1994 with an introduction from then vice-president Al Gore.（《寂静的春天》在1994年再版时，甚至是由时任副总统Al Gore写的介绍）”可推知，副总统Al Gore对《寂静的春天》这本书的态度是非常认可和支持的。那么D项Approving（赞同的）满足题意。故选D。
 

C

Hardware in general, and smartphones in particular, have become a huge environmental and health problem in the Global South's landfill sites（垃圾填埋场）.

Electronic waste （e-waste） currently takes up 5 percent of all global waste, and it is set to increase rapidly as more of us own more than one smartphone, laptop and power bank. They end up in places like Agbogbloshie on the outskirts （郊区） of Ghana's capital, Accra. It is the biggest e-waste dump in the world, where 10,000 informal workers walk through tons of abandoned goods as part of an informal recycling process. They risk their health searching for the precious metals that are found in abandoned smartphones.

But Agbogbloshie legally should not exist. The Basel Convention, a 1989 treaty, aims to prevent developed nations from unauthorized dumping of e-waste in less developed countries. The e-waste industry, however, circumventsregulation by exporting e-waste labelled as “secondhand goods” to poor countries like Ghana, knowing full well that it is heading for a landfill site.

A recent report found Agbogbloshie contained some of the most dangerous chemicals. This is not surprising: smart phones contain chemicals like mercury, lead and even arsenic. Reportedly, one egg from a free-range chicken in Agbogbloshie contained a certain chemical which can cause cancer and damage the immune system at a level that's about 220 times greater than a limit set by the European Food Safety Authority （EFSA）. Most worryingly, these poisonous chemicals are free to pollute the broader soil and water system. This should concern us all, since some of Ghana's top exports are cocoa and nuts.

Some governments have started to take responsibility for their consumers' waste. For example Germany has started a project that includes a sustainable recycling system at Agbogbloshie, along with a health clinic for workers. However, governments cannot solve the problem alone, as there is an almost limitless consumer demand for hardware, especially when governments' green policies are focused on issues like climate change.

Only the manufacturers can fix this. A more economically sustainable and politically possible solution is through encouraging hardware manufacturers to make the repair, reuse and recycling of hardware profitable, or at least cost-neutral.

8. What can we infer from Paragraph 2?

A. Electronic waste requires more landfill sites.

B. Electronic waste is too complex to get fully recycled.

C. Electronic products need to be improved immediately.

D. Electronic waste can be a serious problem.

9. What does the underlined word “circumvents” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Relaxes. B. Abolishes. C. Avoids. D. Tightens.

10. What should be the biggest concern according to the text?

A. The violation of EFSA's standards.

B. The threat of polluted food worldwide.

C. The lack of diversity in Ghana's exports.

D. The damage to chicken's immune system.

11. What does the author think is the best solution to the e-waste problem?

A. Letting governments take on the main responsibility.

B. Reducing customers' demands for electronic products.

C. Governments adjusting their green policies about e-waste.

D. Manufacturers' developing a sustainable hardware economy.

【答案】8. D 9. C 10. B 11. D

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了电子垃圾对环境和人类健康造成的威胁及可实行的解决办法。

【8题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段关键句“Electronic waste （e-waste） currently takes up 5 percent of all global waste, and it is set to increase rapidly as more of us own more than one smartphone, laptop and power bank.”（电子垃圾目前占全球垃圾总量的5%，而且随着越来越多的人拥有不止一部智能手机、笔记本电脑和移动电源，电子垃圾的数量将迅速增加。）和“They risk their health searching for the precious metals that are found in abandoned smartphones.”（他们冒着健康风险寻找废弃智能手机中的贵金属。）可知，电子垃圾目前占全球垃圾总量的5%，并且数量还在迅速增加，并且寻找电子垃圾中的贵金属对人的健康是有害的，由此可知，我们可以从第2段中推断出电子垃圾可能是一个严重的问题。故选D项。

【9题详解】

词义猜测题。根据画线单词上句“The Basel Convention, a 1989 treaty, aims to prevent developed nations from unauthorized dumping of e-waste in less developed countries.”（1989年的《巴塞尔公约》旨在防止发达国家未经许可在欠发达国家擅自倾倒电子垃圾。）可知，《巴塞尔公约》规定发达国家未经许可不可以向欠发达国家擅自倾倒电子垃圾，再结合画线单词所在句中“by exporting e-waste labelled as “secondhand goods” to poor countries like Ghana, knowing full well that it is heading for a landfill site”（通过将标有“二手货”标签的电子垃圾出口到加纳等贫穷国家，他们深知这些垃圾将被运往垃圾填埋场）可知，发达国家通过将电子垃圾标上“二手货”标签出口到贫穷国家，它们用这种方式规避了《巴塞尔公约》的规章制度，“Avoids”意为“避开，回避”，能够代替画线单词在句中的意思。故选C项。

【10题详解】

推理判断题。根据第四段关键句“Most worryingly, these poisonous chemicals are free to pollute the broader soil and water system. This should concern us all, since some of Ghana's top exports are cocoa and nuts.”（最令人担忧的是，这些有毒化学物质可以自由污染更广泛的土壤和水系统。这应该引起我们所有人的关注，因为加纳的一些主要出口产品是可可和坚果。）可知，最令人担忧的是，有毒化学物质可以污染更广泛的土壤和水系统，进而污染食物，而加纳主要向全世界出口的产品是可可和坚果等食品，由此可知，根据文章内容，最令人担忧的是全世界受到被污染的食品的威胁。故选B项。

【11题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段内容“Only the manufacturers can fix this. A more economically sustainable and politically possible solution is through encouraging hardware manufacturers to make the repair, reuse and recycling of hardware profitable, or at least cost-neutral.”（只有制造商才能解决这个问题。一个更具经济可持续性和政治可行性的解决方案是鼓励硬件制造商使硬件的维修、再利用和回收有利可图，或者至少是成本中性。）可知，作者认为最好的解决办法是通过鼓励硬件制造商维修、再利用和回收硬件产品，发展可持续性的硬件经济，这是更具经济可持续性和政治可行性的解决方案，由此可知，作者认为电子垃圾问题的最佳解决方案是制造商发展可持续硬件经济。故选D项。
 

D

The new social robots, including Jibo, Cozmo, Kuri and Meccano M.A.X., bear some resemblance to assistants like Apple's Siri, but these robots come with something more. They are designed to win us over not with their smarts but with their personality. They are sold as companions that do more than talk to us. Time magazine hailed （称赞） the robots that “could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines.” But is reshaping how we interact with machines a good thing, especially for children?

Some researchers in favor of the robots don't see a problem with this. People have relationships with many kinds of things. Some say robots are just another thing with which we can have relationships. To support their argument, roboticists sometimes point to how children deal with toy dolls. Children animate （赋予…生命） dolls and turn them into imaginary friends. Jibo, in a sense, will be one more imaginary friend, and arguably a more intelligent and fun one.

Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though. Today's robots tell children that they have emotions, friendships, even dreams to share. In reality, the whole goal of the robots is emotional trickery. For instance, Cozmo the robot needs to be fed, repaired and played with. Boris Sofman, the chief executive of Anki, the company behind Cozmo, says that the idea is to create “a deeper and deeper emotional connection ... And if you neglect him, you feel the pain of that.” What is the point of this, exactly? What does it mean to feel the pain of neglecting something that feels no pain at being neglected, or to feel anger at being neglected by something that doesn't even know it is neglecting you?

This should not be our only concern. It is troubling that these robots try to empathize with children. Empathy allows us to put ourselves in the place of others, to know what they are feeling. Robots, however, have no emotions to share, and they cannot put themselves in our place. No matter what robotic creatures “say” or squeak, they don't understand our emotional lives. They present themselves as empathy machines, but they are missing the essential equipment. They have not been born, they don't know pain, or death, or fear. Robot thinking may be thinking, but robot feeling is never feeling, and robot love is never love.

What is also troubling is that children take robots' behavior to indicate feelings. When the robots interact with them, children take this as evidence that the robots like them, and when robots don't work when needed, children also take it personally. Their relationships with the robots affect their self-esteem （自尊）. In one study, an 8-year-old boy concluded that the robot stopped talking to him because the robot liked his brothers better.

For so long, we dreamed of artificial intelligence offering us not only simple help but conversation and care. Now that our dream is becoming real, it is time to deal with the emotional downside of living with robots that “feel.”

12. How are the new social robots different from Siri?

A. They are intended to teach children how to talk.

B. They are designed to attract people with their smarts.

C. Their main function is to evaluate children's personality.

D. They have a new way to communicate with human beings.

13. In Paragraph 3 Cozmo is used as an example to show that the social robots ______.

A. are deeply connected with human beings

B. are unable to build a real relationship with children

C. are so advanced that they can feel the pain of human beings

D. are not good enough to carry out the instructions of children

14. The underlined phrase “essential equipment” in Paragraph 4 refers to ______.

A. emotion B. pain

C. fear D. thinking

15. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in the passage?

I: Introduction    P: Point    Sp: Sub-point （次要点）   C: Conclusion

A.

B.

C.

D.

【答案】12. D 13. B 14. A 15. B

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇议论文。新的社交机器人与以往机器人不同，他们不仅比我们聪明还有他们的个性。时代周刊称它彻底改变了我们与机器互动的方式。但是对这种改变有的科学家赞同而有很多人也很担忧。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。由第一段中的第一句话可知，新的社交机器人与像苹果的Siri这样的助理有相同之处，但比它们有更多功能。再由第一段中的Time magazine hailed （称赞） the robots that “could fundamentally reshape how we interact with machines.可知，社交机器人彻底改变了我们与机器互动的方式，可以推知以一种新的方式与人们交流互动。故选D。

【13题详解】

推理判断题。Cozmo是第三段的举例，举例肯定是用来证明本段或者其前边的观点的。本段的中心是“Getting attached to dolls and sociable machines is different, though.（与洋娃娃相处与与社交机器相处是不同的”。再由第三段最后一句句意“你觉得忽略了机器人而难受，但是机器人并不会感觉被忽略，或者你感觉机器人冷落了你而难受但是机器人根本不知道它冷落了你，这些意味着什么呢?”可知，社交机器人并不能真的跟小朋友建立感情。故选B。

【14题详解】

猜测词义题。由划线单词后的“They have not been born, they don't know pain, or death, or fear. Robot thinking may be thinking, but robot feeling is never feeling, and robot love is never love.”可知，社交机器人不知道疼，死亡或害怕。社交机器人的思维可能是在想，但是他们的感觉从来不是感觉，他们的爱也从来不是爱。这句话是证明划线单词所在句子的论点的，他们是会同情的机器，但是他们缺少感情，导致他们所谓的感情是假的。所以划线单词词意为情感。A. emotion情感；B. pain疼痛；C. fear害怕；D. thinking想。故选A。

【15题详解】

篇章结构题。分析文章内容，第一段提出观点：社交机器人改变了我们与机器互动的方式。第二段提出一些支持这一改变的专家的想法，第三段提出一些人对这一改变的担忧，并且第三段后半部分以及第四段、第五段分别是这些人的三点担忧。最后一段总结这一趋势面临的现状。所以文章提出观点后，分为支持和反对两个观点，反对方面又列出了三点担忧，最后一段总结。故选B。

【点睛】猜测词义题在高考中有三种考查形式：生词猜测词义或熟词生义、猜测一句话的意思、指代关系猜词（代词或者名词）。从近三年考查形势看，三种考查方式同等重要。本文中考查的是生词猜测词义。这种题型的解法主要是在生词后找到其释义句。例如本文中划线单词后一句话是对划线单词所在句子的解释。根据“they are missing”与其前后“don't understand”及“never”这些否定词之间的呼应，可知，划线单词与“emotional lives”、“feeling”、“love”等之间是并列解释关系。由这些词可以推知划线单词意思为情感，故选A。
 

第二节（共5小题：每小题2. 5分, 满分12. 5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Open an app at your smart phone and scan the code bar on the garbage can. When you throw garbage into the garbage can, it will show the weight of the garbage and the points you can get from doing so. ___16___It will become more popular in the future. Yes, we are talking about the smart garbage can.

___17___The environmental problems have become constant headaches in the development of those cities. Encouraging garbage classification has become an effective way.

In some cities, a variety of multifunctional smart garbage cans are being put into use. In Beijing, for example, a smart garbage can is equipped with an LED screen, which not only shows national policies on garbage classification but also shows the correct steps for garbage sorting. It can also calculate the weight of the garbage and the accumulated points one can get. They can be traded for some articles of daily use. ___18___Its body is actually a screen. It is equipped with some Internal sensors. When people throw garbage into it, the internal sensors can automatically tell the types of the garbage. Meanwhile, people can see how to deal with them. ___19___

Garbage disposal is a small issue that involves everybody each day. However, it is also a big issue.___20___With smart garbage cans in our daily life, the idea of garbage sorting will become more established. Our dream of building a greener and more beautiful China will come true so long as we start to make small changes right now.

A. Garbage sorting has been a new fashion.

B. Another kind of garbage can is even smarter.

C. It is no wonder that residents cheered for their presence.

D. Such a way of handling garbage has appeared in some cities.

E. It will affect China's transformation towards green development.

F. Over 200 million tons of garbage is produced each year in some cities.

G. The good habit of garbage classification can improve the living environment.

【答案】16. D 17. F 18. B 19. C 20. E

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文，本文主要介绍了智能垃圾桶在城市的试用，并有望得到推广，有助于中国的绿色发展转型。

【16题详解】

根据上文“Open an app at your smart phone and scan the code bar on the garbage can. When you throw garbage into the garbage can, it will show the weight of the garbage and the points you can get from doing so.（在智能手机上打开一个应用程序，扫描垃圾桶上的条形码。当你把垃圾扔进垃圾桶时，它会显示垃圾的重量和你可以从中得到的分数。）”可知，上文谈到了扫码扔垃圾的方式，D项中提到的“Such a way of handling garbage” 与之呼应。故选D。

【17题详解】

根据下文“The environmental problems have become constant headaches in the development of those cities. Encouraging garbage classification has become an effective way.（环境问题一直是这些城市发展中令人头疼的问题。鼓励垃圾分类已经成为一种有效的方式。）可知，下句提到在城市的发展过程中环境问题成为令人头疼的问题。F项指出了中国的环境问题，即“每年中国的一些城市造成2亿多吨垃圾”。故选F。

【18题详解】

根据本段首句“In some cities, a variety of multifunctional smart garbage cans are being put into use.（在一些城市，各种多功能智能垃圾桶正在投入使用。）”可知，该段主要讲述两种智能垃圾桶，设空处前介绍了装有LED屏幕的垃圾桶，设空处后介绍了装有感应器的垃圾桶，此种垃圾桶更加智能。B项：Another kind of garbage can is even smarter.（另一种垃圾桶更聪明。）符合语境。故选B。

【19题详解】

根据本段首句“In some cities, a variety of multifunctional smart garbage cans are being put into use.（在一些城市，各种多功能智能垃圾桶正在投入使用。）”可知，该段主要讲述两种智能垃圾桶，空处对它们的出现给予评价。C项：It is no wonder that residents cheered for their presence.（难怪居民们都为它们两种垃圾桶的出现而欢呼）符合语境。故选C。

【20题详解】

根据上文“Garbage disposal is a small issue that involves everybody each day. However, it is also a big issue.（垃圾处理是一个每天涉及到每个人的小问题。然而，这也是一个大问题。）”可知，上文指出垃圾处理也是个大问题，本句应该进一步解释。E项：It will affect China's transformation towards green development.（它会影响中国向绿色发展转型）指出了具体的问题。故选E。
 

第三部分 语言运用（共三节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从所给的A、B、C 和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

My Mommy Is Broken!

Dear Customer Service,

I am writing to you seeking assistance with my Mommy. I received my Mommy in 2019 and was ___21___pleased with the model. The first year, she ___22___well. She was attentive. She ___23___my needs and rarely caused me any grief. However, over the last year, I've noticed gradual changes in her ___24___.

For example, she used to jump to ___25___me from my prison whenever I cried, and we'd retire to her room until morning. Now I receive a ___26___yell “Go back to sleep!”

I've also noticed a （an） ___27___delay in my Mommy's responsiveness during daylight hours. Before I was about to cry, she used to have many possible ___28___, including snacks, cuddles, and various funny faces to make me ___29___. Now she only sighs and ___30___her eyes when I throw myself on the floor.

Another cause for concern is my Mommy's ___31___feature, which I find is increasingly abnormal. She will ask me questions such as, “Are you ready to wash your hair?” and I'll always say, “No,” and still, I ___32___a face full of shampoo every time. It's very frustrating. It seems to be more of a ___33___with understanding my negative responses. I haven't answered “Yes” about wanting to change a diaper （尿布） , ___34___it continues to happen.

As such, I suggest that you take the time to expand your ___35___and development to improve the Mommy. I anxiously await any information that might address these issues.

Sincerely,

Reese

21. A. equally B. finally C. hardly D. immediately

22. A. remained B. worked C. managed D. rose

23. A. satisfied B. raised C. decided D. discovered

24. A. value B. shape C. quality D. appearance

25. A. comfort B. rescue C. teach D. educate

26. A. gentle B. pleased C. relieved D. strict

27. A. natural B. traditional C. increasing D. reducing

28. A. solutions B. food C. toys D. corrections

29. A. annoy B. laugh C. weep D. agree

30. A. distributes B. puts C. throws D. rolls

31. A. machinery B. movement C. translation D. face

32. A. end up with B. take charge of C. catch up with D. come up with

33. A. chance B. problem C. mission D. function

34. A. because B. and C. so D. yet

35. A. intention B. administration C. research D. production

【答案】21. D 22. B 23. A 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. C 28. A 29. B 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. C

【解析】

【分析】本文是一篇书信，作者写信给顾客服务中心寻求帮助，反映自己的模型质量出了问题，需要解决。

【21题详解】

考查副词词义辨析。句意：2019年我收到了我的“妈妈”，立刻对这个模型很满意。A. equally平等的；B. finally最后；C. hardly几乎不；D. immediately立刻。下句“she worked well”说明她工作的好，作者很满意，所以当时是立刻就感到很满意。故选D。

【22题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：第一年的时候，她好好的，没有问题。A. remained保持；B. worked工作；C. managed管理；D. rose上升。通过下文“she was attentive”表示她很细心，说明她工作地很好，故答案为B。

【23题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：她很细心，能满足我的需要。A. satisfied满足；B. raised举起；C. decided决定；D. discovered发现。她很细心，所以她可以满足我的需要符合语境。“need”这里是需要的意思，“满足需要”是satisfy one's need。故答案为A。

【24题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，在过去的一年里，我注意到她质量上的变化。A. value价值；B. shape塑造；C. quality质量；D. appearance外观。“However”表示转折，前面第一年工作很好，后面就出了质量问题。故答案为C。

【25题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：她过去常常在我哭泣的时候把我从监狱中营救出来。A. comfort安慰；B. rescue营救；C. teach教；D. educate教育。与“prison（监狱）”相对应的是“rescue”，表示营救。故答案为B。

【26题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：现在我收到的是一个严厉的大叫。A. gentle温柔的；B. pleased愉快的；C. relieved放松的；D. strict严厉的。根据“Go back to sleep!”和“yell”是叫喊，叫喊是严厉的，符合题意，故答案为D。

【27题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我也注意到在她日常时间回应的延迟增加。A. natural自然的；B. traditional传统的；C. increasing增加的；D. reducing减少的。上文说质量出现了问题，所以此处说明反应时间变慢，也就是延迟的时间增加了，故答案为C。

【28题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在我快要哭之前，她曾经有很多可能的解决办法，包括零食、拥抱，还有各种搞笑的面孔让我发笑。A. solutions解决；B. food食物；C. toys玩具；D. corrections更正。后面的“snacks”零食等是她解决我要哭泣的办法，故答案为A。

【29题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我快要哭之前，她曾经有很多可能的解决办法，包括零食、拥抱，还有各种搞笑的面孔让我发笑。A. annoy烦恼；B. laugh笑；C. weep哭泣；D. agree同意。有很多解决办法，在我要哭泣的时候解决这个问题是让我笑，再结合“various funny faces”，所以这里是使我笑。故答案为B。

【30题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，当我扑倒在地板上时，她只是叹息和翻白眼。A. distributes分发；B. puts放；C. throws扔；D. rolls卷。“roll her eyes”是翻白眼，与“sigh”叹气对应，符合题意。故答案为D。

【31题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个让人担心的是我妈妈的翻译功能，我发现它越来越不正常。A. machinery机械；B. movement移动；C. translation翻译；D. face脸。根据下文“She will ask me questions such as, ‘Are you ready to wash your hair? 'and I'll always say, ‘No'（她会问我诸如“你准备好洗头了吗?”之类的问题，而我会一直说：不。）”和“a face full of shampoo every time.”，可说明她的翻译功能出了问题。故答案为C。

【32题详解】

考查动词词组辨析。句意：我总是说不洗，但是我每次还是会以满脸的洗发水为结束。A. end up with结束；B. take charge of管理；C. catch up with抓住；D. come up with提出。end up with以……为结束，这里的意思是我虽然不想洗头，但她还是会给我弄满脸的洗发水，still表示转折。故答案为A。

【33题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：它看起来像理解我否定回答有问题。A. chance机会；B. problem问题；C. mission任务；D. function作用。根据上一句不洗头，但是仍然，我每次以满脸洗发水为结束。说明她在理解我的话方面有问题，故答案为B。

【34题详解】

考查连词词义辨析。句意：我还没有开始说换尿布，然而她就开始做了。A. because因为；B. and和；C. so因此；D. yet然而。这里是表示转折，虽然我还没回答“是”，她就继续做这件事了。用yet表示转折。故答案为D。

【35题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：我建议你花些时间扩大你的研究和发展去提升这个妈妈（模型）。A. intention意图；B. administration行政；C. research研究；D. production产量。因为存在着各种问题，作者建议服务中心能扩大对模型的研究和发展，符合题意。故答案为C。
 

第二节（共10小题：每小题1.5分, 满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

More and more ____36____（ambition） parents in the world are signing their children up for Chinese classes. Keen for their children to succeed in life, they see ____37____（be） fluent in a second or third language as an advantage. In the USA, twice as many primary and middle school students took Chinese in 2017, ____38____（compare） to 2015. In France, the number of students learning Chinese in the same age group ____39____（increase） by 400% between 2007 and 2017. And an estimated 100 million foreigners are now learning Chinese, up from 30 million in 2004.

It is easy to understand ____40____Chinese is becoming so popular. Learning Chinese may help people get more job opportunities. For example, there is China's Belt and Road Initiative, ____41____motivates many countries along the Silk Road to cooperate more closely. It has created thousands of local jobs for people with ____42____knowledge of Chinese. Another reason is that studying Chinese provides access ____43____the wonderful Chinese history and culture. Adam Turner, a school head teacher in the U.K., cites this as one appealing aspect of the ____44____（recent） added Chinese course. “Learning Chinese can _____45_____（broad） the students' minds to the outside world and help them see life from a new perspective,” he explains.

【答案】36. ambitious

37. being38. compared

39. increased

40. why41. which

42. a43. to

44. recently

45. broaden

【解析】

【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在世界上学习中文的人越来越多及这种现象的原因。

【36题详解】

考查形容词。句意：世界上越来越多雄心勃勃的家长为他们的孩子报名上中文课。分析句子可知，“parents”为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，“ambition”意为“雄心”，名词词性，对应的形容词为“ambitious”，意为“雄心勃勃的”。故填ambitious。

【37题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：他们渴望自己的孩子在生活中取得成功，他们认为流利地使用第二或第三语言是一种优势。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“see”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，句中应用动名词作“see”的宾语，“be fluent in+语言”意为“能流利地讲某种语言”，“be”的动名词形式为“being”。故填being。

【38题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：在美国，2017年学习汉语的中小学生人数是2015年的两倍。分析句子可知，句中有谓语动词“took”且句中无连词，故空格处应用非谓语动词，“compare”意为“比较”，动词词性，“primary and middle school students”与“compare”之间为逻辑上的动宾关系，故应用“compare”的过去分词“compared”，在句中作状语。故填compared。

【39题详解】

考查时态。句意：在法国，从2007年到2017年，同年龄段学习汉语的学生数量增加了400%。根据句意和句中“between 2007 and 2017”可知，句子陈述的是过去发生的事，应用一般过去时，动词要用过去式，“increase”意为“增加”，动词词性，过去式为“increased”。故填increased。

【40题详解】

考查宾语从句。句意：很容易理解为什么中文变得如此流行。分析句子可知，句子为宾语从句，空格处单词引导从句，作“understand”的宾语，从句中缺少原因状语，故应用“why”引导从句。故填why。

【41题详解】

考查定语从句。句意：例如，中国的“一带一路”倡议，推动丝绸之路沿线许多国家进行更紧密的合作。根据句意和句子结构可知，句子为非限制性定语从句，先行词为“China's Belt and Road Initiative”，指物，在从句中作主语，故应用关系代词“which”引导从句。故填which。

【42题详解】

考查固定短语。句意：它为精通中文的人创造了数千个当地的就业机会。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“with a knowledge of…”，意为“精通……，通晓……”，故空格处应用不定冠词“a”。故填a。

【43题详解】

考查固定短语。句意：另一个原因是，学习汉语可以接触到精彩的中国历史和文化。根据句意可知，句中涉及固定短语“access to…”，意为“接近……，通向……的入口”，故空格处应用介词“to”。故填to。

【44题详解】

考查副词。句意：Adam Turner，英国的一位学校班主任，引用这一点作为最近添加的中文课程的一个吸引人的方面。分析句子可知，“added”意为“增添的，附加的”，形容词词性，前面应用副词修饰，“recent”意为“最近的”，形容词词性，对应的副词为“recently”，意为“最近”。故填recently。

【45题详解】

考查动词。句意：他解释说：“学习汉语可以开阔学生对外界的视野，帮助他们从新的角度看待生活。”分析句子可知，空格处应用动词，在句中作谓语，“broad”意为“宽阔的”，形容词词性，对应的动词为“broaden”，意为“扩大，开阔”，“broaden one's minds”意为“开阔视野，增长知识”，“can”为情态动词，后接动词原形。故填broaden。
 

第四部分 写作（共两节, 满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

46. 你校正在组织英语演讲比赛。请以“The Power of Teamwork”为主题写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：

1.团队合作的重要意义；

2.如何有效合作。

注意：1.词数80左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

The Power of Teamwork

                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        

【答案】参考范文

The Power of Teamwork

Good morning, everyone. It's my privilege to share my ideas about teamwork.

It is widely accepted that teamwork plays an extremely imperative role in our work, making for an enjoyable work environment. Additionally, people can find suitable positions and understand their strengths better when working in a team. With everyone's knowledge combined, the team possesses high work efficiency and an ability to deal with the difficult problems.

Then how can we cooperate effectively? Firstly, appreciating others' gifts, efforts, and sacrifices, big or small, is a must. Moreover, being a good listener and never posing your will on others can pave the way for better communication. Thank you!

【解析】

【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生写一篇演讲稿，介绍团队合作的重要意义和如何有效合作。

【详解】1.词汇积累

想法，看法：idea→opinion

此外：additionally→in addition

优势，长处：strength→advantage

首先：firstly→first of all

2.句式拓展

简单句变复合句

原句：With everyone's knowledge combined, the team possesses high work efficiency and an ability to deal with the difficult problems.

拓展句：If everyone's knowledge is combined, the team will possess high work efficiency and an ability to deal with the difficult problems.

【点睛】【高分句型1】It is widely accepted that teamwork plays an extremely imperative role in our work, making for an enjoyable work environment.（运用了that引导的主语从句，It作形式主语）

【高分句型2】Additionally, people can find suitable positions and understand their strengths better when working in a team.（运用了when引导的时间状语从句，省略了从句的主语和“be”）

第二节：（满分25分）

47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

At the end of the class, Mr. Smith announced our assignment for the next Monday was to talk about someone we were grateful to instead of a book report. Upon hearing it, I couldn't help complaining to Mareya that I was so nervous about having to talk in front of the whole class.

“ Arizona ,you've been in at least three plays ,” Mareya pointed out.“ If you don' t get stage fright in front of those big audiences, why are you bothered by a few kids in our class ?”

It was true, but in a play you were part of a group. I shook my head. Plus, there were so many people I was grateful to. There was no way I could possibly pick just one. Plus, even if I picked one I' d have no idea what to say. Plus, even if I figured out what to say, I was a million- percent positive I' d mess up if I tried to say it out loud! I' d be standing there with everyone staring at me, waiting for words to come out of my mouth.“ Oh , my goodness !” I pulled my sweatshirt hood （ 兜帽） over my face, put my hands over my ears and said,“ I don't want to talk about it !”

But one thing about really good friends who knew you really well was that they didn' t always do exactly what you asked them to. Mareya could be pretty pushy talking of being helpful. She scribbled（潦草地写） something on a piece of paper , lifted my hood, and smiled. She' d drawn a funny elephant （named Franky） with the word BREATHE coming out of its trunk .

“ This is Franky, the ‘everything is going to be all right' elephant ” Mareya giggled. She held the picture up to her ear and asked, “What' s that you say, Franky? You think my friend Arizona should come over to my house this weekend so we can work on our talks together?”

注意：1. 续写词数应为150 左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph 1. And that was exactly what happened.

                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        

Paragraph 2 .On Monday morning, however, I decided to talk about Mareya.

                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        

【答案】例文1：

Paragraph 1:

And that was exactly what happened.

Arizona and I sat at the desk at the study in her house on Saturday afternoon. I asked her curiously who she would pick to talk about. “ My grandma ”. She blurted out. She told me she was grateful to her grandma, who took great pains to bring her up despite poor health. From her excited look and gentle tone, I could feel her deep gratitude and love for her grandma. I was so immersed in her talk that I didn't t notice she had finished it until she patted my shoulder. She then suggested I talk about my mum. I followed her advice as I had no other good ideas. She also helped me organize my ideas and gave me patient guidance on my gestures, emotions and eye contact when practising the presentation in her presence . She was so helpful that I got prepared for my talk very smoothly.

Paragraph 2:

On Monday morning, however, I decided to talk about Mareya.

Though it was true that there were many people I was grateful to, I thought it was Mareya that I should express my gratitude to the here and now. When my turn came, I mustered up courage and stepped onto the platform. I couldn't help looking at Mareya and found her smiling and cheering for me. Clearing my throat, I started: “ Today , I'd like to talk about Mareya , a friend I will always be grateful to .” Hearing the words, Mareya widened her eyes and looked at me in surprise. Then I recalled good times spent with Mareya and how she managed to help me out whenever I was in trouble. Upon finishing the talk, I trotted towards Mareya and gave her a bear hug. Meanwhile, thunderous applause rang through the classroom.

例文2：

And that was exactly what happened.

Magically, I did go to Mareya's house to work on the talks together. We discussed, finalized the draft, and rehearse the homework. But I was still unsure if I could make it in front of the whole class." Just imagine all the elephants drawn by me are those big audiences” suggested Mareya, sticking all the pictures of Franky to each chair . It did work! Never did I felt nervous. I was so grateful for the elephants that I decided to talk about Franky on Monday morning. Mareya giggled and nodded her head.

Paragraph 2:

On Monday morning, however, I decided to talk about Mareya . Obviously, there being no extra time for me to modify my draft, I stepped on the stage and delivered my speech without any draft.” Today, I'd like to talk about Mareya, she doesn' t always do exactly what I asked her to. Plus, she doesn' t hesitate to be helpful whenever I am in need. Plus, she doesn' t fail to draw kinds of magical elephants to conceive me that everything is going to be all right ….” After I finished, the audience burst into thunderous applause. Not until then, did I realize who I needed to be grateful to. I threw myself to Mareya's arms, held back my welling tears and said " Thanks , Mareya ”

例文3:

And that was exactly what happened. Reluctantly, I inched my way into Mareya's room. I sank into the chair, not knowing what to do. Maeya suggested that we pick _ one of the persons I appreciated first. My mind raced quickly and people's names flooded in. I finally chose one Then Mareya encouraged me to write down what the person did moved me. Finally, with Mareya's help, I even read it out aloud. But at night, I tossed and turned, thinking there must be something important ignored by me.

On Monday morning, however, I decided to talk about Mareya. Yes, it dawned on me that I had always ignored Mareya even though we spent so much time together. The memories that Mareya constantly encouraged and comforted me crowded into my mind. And it was also Mareya who created Franky, the lovely elephant to help me overcome my fear. I even didn't need to write down my gratitude because the words just poured out as my eyes fell on her. After my speech, she came up to me and firmly said " That' s what friends do !”

【解析】

【分析】本文是人物为线索展开，讲述了作者因为老师布置的作业而发愁，因为老师让他们周末在家写一篇他/她要感谢的人的文章，并且周一在班里和大家分享。而作者害怕在全班同学目前演讲，所以就找她的好朋友Mareya抱怨，Mareya就想办法帮助她克服这个心理障碍。

【详解】1.段落续写：

①由第一段首句内容“这就是发生的准确事情。”可知，第一段可描写作者到Mareya的家，Mareya帮助她如何写那篇文章的事情。

②由第二段首句内容“然而，周一早上的时候，我还是觉得说说Mareya。”可知，第二段可描写作者为什么要说Mareya是她很感谢的人。

2.续写线索：作者到Mareya家——Mareya教给她如何写要感谢的人——Mareya让作者写她的妈妈——作者决定写Mareya是她感谢的人——回忆Mareya对她的帮助——两个人都很高兴——演讲很成功

3.词汇激活

行为类

①准备：get prepared for/make preparations for

②鼓起勇气：muster up courage/get one's courage up

情绪类

①好奇：curiously/with curiosity

②感激：be grateful to/ express my gratitude to

【点睛】[高分句型1]She told me she was grateful to her grandma, who took great pains to bring her up despite poor health.（由省略连词that引导的宾语从句和who引导的非限制性定语从句）

[高分句型2]I was so immersed in her talk that I didn't t notice she had finished it until she patted my shoulder. （由so…that…引导的结果状语从句和until引导的时间状语从句）

[高分句型3]Though it was true that there were many people I was grateful to, I thought it was Mareya that I should express my gratitude to the here and now. （由that引导的主语从句、省略连词that/whom的定语从句和it was…that…引导的强调句型）

[高分句型4]Then I recalled good times spent with Mareya and how she managed to help me out whenever I was in trouble. （由how引导的宾语从句和whenever引导的让步状语从句）

听力答案：1—5 BAABC 6—10 ACCBA 11—15 ACBAA 16—20 CBCCB