龙岩市2022年高中毕业班第一次教学质量检测

英语试题

（满分：150分考试时间：120分钟）

注意事项：

1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号、座位号填写在答题卡上。

2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。

3. 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后，有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?

A. £19.15.B. £9.18. C. £9.15.

答案是C。

1. What did the man dislike about his visit to the Kings?

A. The atmosphere. B. The Kings family. C. The food.

2. Where are the speakers going this evening?

A. To a beach. B. To a gym. C. To a cinema.

3. When is the pop show on?

A. At 8:30. B. At 8:20. C. At 7:30.

4. What does the man mean?

A. Much space is needed for the tigers.

B. The cages in the center are too small.

C. The number of tigers is increasing slowly.

5. What does the woman advise the man to do?

A. Type the address once again.

B. Have the computer repaired.

C. Visit a tennis website for data.

第二节（共15 小题；每小题1.5 分，满分22.5 分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C 三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Father and daughter. B. Policeman and witness. C. Husband and wife.

7. What were the firefighters doing when the man saw the fire?

A. Taking people out. B. Putting out the fire. C. Keeping people away.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8. How long did the Dreadful Demons movies last?

A. For 3 hours. B. For 6.5 hours. C. For 7 hours.

9. Where did the man see Dreadful Demons?

A. In a cinema. B. At his house. C. In his school.

10. How does the woman get pocket money?

A. By working in a cinema.

B. By doing housework at home.

C. By cutting grass for her neighbors.

听第8段材料, 回答第11至13题。

11. Where are the speakers?

A. At the woman’s. B. At a restaurant. C. At a TV studio.

12. What does the woman ask the man to do?

A. Have some soup. B. Tell her the recipe. C. Give the salt to her.

13. What does the man think of comedy shows?

A. Boring. B. Relaxing. C. Noisy.

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14. What are the speakers mainly talking about?

A. The training plans. B. The schedule of the day. C. The ways to relax.

15. When do the speakers do morning prayers?

A. From 6:30 to 7:00. B. From 6:00 to 6:30. C. From 5:00 to 5:30.

16. How does dancing among the trees affect people?

A. It can pure their soul.

B. It can help them forget their problems.

C. It can teach them to express themselves.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17. What can a member of the Club enjoy?

A. Free drinks. B. Discounts to tickets. C. Some free food.

18. How often can a member get a Club magazine?

A. Once a week. B. Once a month. C. Once a season.

19. What is in the Club magazine?

A. Activities for club members.

B. Information on new films.

C. Interviews with local fans.

20. What should one do to join the club?

A. Ask for an application form.

B. Buy 6-month membership first.

C. Call the hotline before September 15th.
 

第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。

A

These Christmassy reads are sure to keep you feeling warm and fuzzy （迷糊的） inside as the long winter nights draw in.

Wintering: The Power of Rest and Retreat in Difficult Times by Katherine May

May writes sadly about her experience of her husband’s sudden illness and how this event caused major life shifts, both personally and professionally. Her descriptions of staying with the Samí people when visiting Troms, of sea swimming in the winter, of a solstice （冬至） spent at Stonehenge, and the making of slow-cooked meals provides relief when reading alongside such honest descriptions of her own periods of Wintering.

The Christmas Chronicles for Midwinter by Nigel Slater

Nigel Slater describes himself as “a cook who writes” and this sensually written book contains the basic elements of the festive season: food, homesickness, and generosity.

Part memoir （回忆录）, part recipe book interwoven with myth and folktale, Slater shares his love for winter through his warm narrative voice. As he says, “The simple act of making someone something to eat, even a bowl of soup or a loaf of bread, has a many-layered meaning. It suggests an act of protection and caring, of generosity and a close interpersonal relationship.”

Hercule Poirot’s Christmas by Agatha Christie

I for one cannot resist a good detective novel, especially one set during Christmas. Our beloved detective Hercule Poirot is charged with solving the bloody murder of multimillionaire Simeon Lee, which takes place on Christmas Eve following a family gathering. Christie’s trademark dilemma takes the form of a murder in a room locked from the inside…

A satisfying read filled with all the elements I love most about a good Victorian detective novel: a strikingly old-fashioned village, a murder-mystery set in a country estate, and unreliable characters.

1. What sense probably occurs to a reader when reading Wintering?

A. Sadness. B. Comfort.

C. Loneliness. D. Amazement.

2. Hercule Poirot’s Christmas is _________.

A. set in a modern city B. popular with detectives

C. concerned with a wealthy person D. meant for Christmas celebrators

3. Whose read may best convey the deep nature of food?

A. May. B. Agatha Christie.

C. Nigel Slater. D. The writer of this text.

【答案】1A 2. C 3. C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章推荐了三本给漫长的冬夜带来温暖的书籍。

【1题详解】

推理判断题。根据Wintering: The Power of Rest and Retreat in Difficult Times by Katherine May部分“May writes sadly about her experience of her husband’s sudden illness and how this event caused major life shifts, both personally and professionally.（梅在书中悲伤地讲述了她丈夫突然生病的经历，以及这件事如何给她的个人生活和职业生活带来了重大改变）”可知，在Wintering一书中，作者悲伤地讲述了生活中遭受的变故，由此推知，读者在阅读时也会感受到作者的悲伤。故选A项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Hercule Poirot’s Christmas by Agatha Christie部分“Our beloved detective Hercule Poirot is charged with solving the bloody murder of multimillionaire Simeon Lee, which takes place on Christmas Eve following a family gathering.（我们深爱的侦探赫尔克里·波洛肩负着侦破百万富翁西蒙·李谋杀案的任务，案件发生在圣诞夜的一次家庭聚会之后）”可知，在Hercule Poirot’s Christmas一书中，百万富翁西蒙·李被谋杀了。故选C项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据The Christmas Chronicles for Midwinter by Nigel Slater部分“Nigel Slater describes himself as “a cook who writes” and this sensually written book contains the basic elements of the festive season: food, homesickness, and generosity.（奈杰尔·斯莱特称自己是一个会写作的厨师，这本感性的书包含了节日的基本元素:食物、思乡和慷慨）”和“The simple act of making someone something to eat, even a bowl of soup or a loaf of bread, has a many-layered meaning. It suggests an act of protection and caring, of generosity and a close interpersonal relationship.（给某人做点吃的东西，哪怕是一碗汤或一块面包，都有着多层次的含义。它暗示着一种保护和关怀的行为，慷慨和亲密的人际关系）”可知，Nigel Slater的书中揭示了食物的本质。故选C项。
 

B

According to Gelb, although not everyone is born with the gifts and the capacities of Leonardo Da Vinci, it is possible for any person to use the fundamentals of Da Vinci’s approach to learning to guide us toward the realization of our inner Da Vinci. One typical fundamental is curiosity. Curiosity is “The desire to know is natural to good men.” — Leonardo Da Vinci

The young Leonardo loved being in nature, showed an early gift for drawing and was fascinated by mathematics. Young Leonardo’s Curiosity regarding education and mathematics especially often raised constant unsureness and difficulties for the teachers who taught him and continuously proved them to be wrong. Most children have in them endless amounts of curiosity and sense of wonder. Unfortunately for multiple reasons these qualities are lost as children reach adulthood, not Leonardo though. Perhaps one of his greatest characteristics was his willingness to question accepted knowledge. Leonardo’s Curiosity never faded and fueled the lake of his genius for his entire life. Leonardo’s motives were not money, women or loyalty to any church or person. His pursuits were pure: the long search for beauty and above all: truth.

Leonardo would wonder around asking questions he did not himself yet understand. He always carried a notebook with himself so that he could quickly write down hundreds of questions, ideas, thoughts, impressions and observations as they occurred. He was expectant and reliant only upon himself to answer his own questions. Being modest, he was not afraid to make mistakes and appear foolish. Leonardo accepted the feelings of unfamiliarity and foolishness.

His questions led him to designing a snorkel （水下呼吸器） as well as diving equipment and even a submarine and also inventing flying machines and a parachute. His curiosity took him under the water and into the sky.

4. What does the underlined words “Da Vinci” refer to?

A. Potential. B. Curiosity.

C.Honesty. D. Motive.

5. What was most typical of the young Leonardo?

A. Educating kids. B. Seeking for love.

C. Appreciating nature. D. Questioning his teachers.

6. What can be learned about Leonardo’s sense of curiosity from the text?

A. It fooled himself.

B. It made him independent.

C. It inspired his whole life.

D. It disappeared in his adulthood.

7. Which saying can best reflect Leonardo Da Vinci?

A. An idle youth, a needy age.

B. First come, first served.

C. Stay hungry, stay foolish.

D. Nothing ventured, nothing gained.

【答案】4. A 5. D 6. C 7. C

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了好奇心伴随列奥纳多·达·芬奇一生，并造就了达·芬奇的伟大。

【4题详解】

词句猜测题。根据上文“although not everyone is born with the gifts and the capacities of Leonardo Da Vinci, it is possible for any person to use the fundamentals of Da Vinci’s approach to learning to guide us toward the realization of our inner Da Vinci.（虽然并不是每个人都具有列奥纳多·达·芬奇的天赋和能力，但任何人都可以利用达·芬奇学习方法的基本原理来引导我们实现内心的Da Vinci）”中“not everyone is born with the gifts and the capacities of Leonardo Da Vinci”和“use the fundamentals of Da Vinci’s approach to learning to guide us toward the realization of our inner Da Vinci”可知，尽管并不是每个人都有像列奥纳多·达·芬奇一样的天赋和能力，但使用他的方法也能让自己成为“Da Vinci”，即：方法恰当，也可激发潜能，成为达·芬奇一样的人，结合选项，划线词指代potential，指“潜力，潜能”。故选A项。

【5题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“Young Leonardo’s Curiosity regarding education and mathematics especially often raised constant unsureness and difficulties for the teachers who taught him and continuously proved them to be wrong.（小列奥纳多对教育和数学的好奇经常给教他的老师带来不确定和困难，并不断证明他们是错的）”和“Perhaps one of his greatest characteristics was his willingness to question accepted knowledge.（也许他最大的特点之一是他愿意质疑公认的知识）”可推知，年轻的达芬奇最典型的特征是质疑他的老师。故选D项。

【6题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“Leonardo’s Curiosity never faded and fueled the lake of his genius for his entire life.（列奥纳多的好奇心从未减退，并一直助力他天才的一生）”可知，列奥纳多的好奇心从未减退，并一直激发着他的一生。故选C项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。通读全文可知，并结合第三段“Leonardo would wonder around asking questions he did not himself yet understand.（列奥纳多会问一些他自己也不明白的问题）”和“Being modest, he was not afraid to make mistakes and appear foolish.（由于谦虚，他不怕犯错误，不怕显得愚蠢。）”可知，文章介绍了伴随列奥纳多·达·芬奇一生的优秀品质：好奇心。正是对于真理的渴求和无惧无知造就了达·芬奇的伟大，所以“Stay hungry, stay foolish.（求知若饥，虚心若愚 ）”是达·芬奇一生的真实写照。故选C项。
 

C

Often when we think of taking some time out and having a little R&R, the image that comes to mind is that of being very still with the aim of moving as little as possible. Rest, we have come to learn, means sitting down, putting our feet up and unburdening ourselves.

This is all good and well, and as a working mother of two, I completely appreciate the physical exhaustion that comes from standing for literally hours followed by the cool wave of relief that radiates from the soles of my feet upwards when I finally sit down. What better way to do that than a day spent doing nothing?

So why, then, do I still find myself exhausted in the evening? I’ve done hardly any physical activity at all, and how can I possibly be this tired? The answer, I realized, is down to the fact that I wasn’t getting enough cognitive rest. Surfing, texting and answering emails, engaging with people online, the news cycle and the endless worries, all of this can take place while a person is fully curled up on the sofa in pajamas. All these things inhibitus from receiving enough mental rest.

I caught up with CBT therapist Charlotte Luscombe who shared with me the importance of switching off mentally as well as physically. She explains, “We can be physically still and resting but that does not mean our bodies are in a relaxed state. Our minds can continue to race and can cause anxiety when doing so.”

And what suggestions does Charlotte have for busy-minded individuals like me? “Active rest,” She tells me, “activities that help you to engage your mind can help you to relax even if you are physically doing something, as this encourages cognitive rest. They can be yoga, walking, reading, coloring etc. Even doing something active with your mind engaged will be more restful than sitting down but worrying for hours.”

8. What is Paragraph 1 mainly about?

A. The manner of sitting. B. The common sense of rest.

C. The definition of a still life. D. The physical tiredness.

9. What does the underlined word “inhibit” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A. Protect. B. Prevent. C. Separate. D. Save.

10. How can a busy-minded person stay more relaxed according to Charlotte?

A. Interacting online. B. Doing nothing at home.

C. Focusing on reading. D. Going to a therapist.

11. What would be the best title for this text?

A. How to Correctly Sit Down B. How to Timely Deal with Worries

C. How to Properly Rest Your Brain D. How to Fully Engage Your Mind

【答案】8. B 9. B 10. C 11. C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章先是解释了人们对于休息的一般看法，接着提出无所事事并不能帮助大脑完全放松。这是因为没有得到足够的认知休息，介绍了一些有助于大脑休息的建议。

【8题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段“Often when we think of taking some time out and having a little R&R, the image that comes to mind is that of being very still with the aim of moving as little as possible. Rest, we have come to learn, means sitting down, putting our feet up and unburdening ourselves.（当我们想到要花点时间休息时，脑海中浮现的画面往往是静止不动，目标是尽可能少动。我们已经学会了休息意味着坐下来，放松我们的双脚，释放我们自己的负担）”可知，第一段主要讲的是休息的常识。故选B。

【9题详解】

词句猜测题。根据画线词上文“Surfing, texting and answering emails, engaging with people online, the news cycle and the endless worries, all of this can take place while a person is fully curled up on the sofa in pajamas. All these things”以及后文“us from receiving enough mental rest”可知，上网、发短信、回邮件、在网上与人交流、看新闻以及无休止的担忧，所有这些都可能发生在一个人穿着睡衣完全蜷缩在沙发上的时候，所有这些事情都阻止我们得到足够的精神休息。故画线词意思是“阻止”。A. Protect.保护；B. Prevent.阻止；C. Separate.分开；D. Save.拯救。故选B。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段“And what suggestions does Charlotte have for busy-minded individuals like me? “Active rest,” She tells me, “activities that help you to engage your mind can help you to relax even if you are physically doing something, as this encourages cognitive rest. They can be yoga, walking, reading, coloring etc. Even doing something active with your mind engaged will be more restful than sitting down but worrying for hours.”（对于像我这样忙碌的人，夏洛特有什么建议吗?“积极的休息，”她告诉我，“即使你在体力上做一些事情，帮助你投入大脑的活动也能帮助你放松，因为这能鼓励认知休息。它们可以是瑜伽、散步、阅读、涂色等。即使是脑力活动，也比坐着焦虑几个小时更能让人放松。”）”可知，一个忙碌的人可以专注阅读来放松。故选C。

【11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段“I caught up with CBT therapist Charlotte Luscombe who shared with me the importance of switching off mentally as well as physically. She explains, “We can be physically still and resting but that does not mean our bodies are in a relaxed state. Our minds can continue to race and can cause anxiety when doing so.”（我找到了CBT治疗师Charlotte Luscombe，她和我分享了心理和身体关闭的重要性。她解释说：“我们可以保持身体静止并休息，但这并不意味着我们的身体处于放松的状态。我们的思维可能会继续竞赛，这样做会导致焦虑。”）”结合文章先是解释了人们对于休息的一般看法，接着提出无所事事并不能帮助大脑完全放松。这是因为没有得到足够的认知休息，介绍了一些有助于大脑休息的建议。可知，C选项“如何让大脑得到适当的休息”最符合文章标题。故选C。
 

D

You improve your robot’s software by improving its software. Agrim Gupta of Stanford University, however, begs to differ. He thinks you can also improve a robot’s software by improving its hardware. He and his colleagues have invented a way of testing this idea.

They brought to their robots, unimals, the principles of evolution （进化） by natural selection. Unimals, with globes for heads and sticks for arms and legs, are software beings interacting with a virtual environment. The environments where they wandered were in three varieties: flat grounds, grounds with hills and steps, and ones that had the complexities of the second sort, but with added objects.

To begin with, the unimals were randomly assigned various shapes, but with identical software— derl. Newly created unimals learned to face the challenges in a virtual bootcamp. They were then entered into tournaments in groups. Each group winner was awarded one mutation （变异） —one extra arm or leg, or one extra turning in a joint. The new replaced the oldest unimal and then was assigned to a new group, and the process repeated. About 4,000 varieties of them underwent training.

The team were surprised by the diversity of shapes that evolved. Crucially, though, the researchers found the most successful unimals learned tasks in half the time their oldest ancestors had taken, and that those evolving in the toughest grounds were the most successful.

In this evolution of unimals’ morphology （形态） to promote the ability to learn, Dr Gupta sees a version of something called the Baldwin effect. In 1896 James Baldwin, a psychologist, argued that minds evolve to make the best use of the morphologies of the bodies. What Dr Gupta has shown, though in software, is that the opposite can also be true — changes in body morphology can improve the way minds work. Even though he held the software constant, it became more efficient at learning as the unimals’ bodies evolved.

Whether that discovery can be turned to account in the way robots are developed remains to be seen. But the way of testing is certainly an out-of-the-box idea.

12. How was the test conducted?

A. By promoting Unimals’ learning. B. By adjusting the environments.

C. By proving the evolution theory. D. By stimulating unimals’ mutation.

13. What turned out to be surprising in the test?

A. The number of trained unimals. B. The decline in time for learning tasks.

C. The variety of evolved shapes. D. The replacement of old unimals.

14. What can be concluded from the test?

A. Mind evolution affects body shaping.

B. Body changes better mind work.

C. Hardware changes do not impact software.

D. The discovery is useful in robot development.

15. What’s the author’s attitude to the finding?

A. Negative. B. Objective.

C. Indifferent. D. Approving.

【答案】12. B 13. C 14. B 15. B

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了你通过改进机器人的软件来改进它的软设备。然而，斯坦福大学的阿格里姆•古普塔却不这么认为。他认为还可以通过改进硬件来改进机器人的软件。他和他的同事们发明了一种方法来验证这个想法。

【12题详解】

推理判断题。根据第二段“They brought to their robots, unimals, the principles of evolution （进化） by natural selection. Unimals, with globes for heads and sticks for arms and legs, are software beings interacting with a virtual environment. The environments where they wandered were in three varieties: flat grounds, grounds with hills and steps, and ones that had the complexities of the second sort, but with added objects.（他们给他们的机器人，unimals，带来了自然选择的进化原则。Unimals的头是地球仪，四肢是棍子，它们是与虚拟环境互动的软件生物。它们漫游的环境有三种：平地，有山丘和台阶的地面，以及第二种复杂的环境，但添加了物品）”可知，通过调整环境，来进行试验。故选B。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段“The team were surprised by the diversity of shapes that evolved.（研究小组对进化出的形状的多样性感到惊讶）”可知，测试中令人惊讶的是进化出的各种形状。故选C。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“What Dr Gupta has shown, though in software, is that the opposite can also be true — changes in body morphology can improve the way minds work.（古普塔博士的研究表明，尽管是在软件上，相反的情况也可能是真的——身体形态的改变可以改善大脑的工作方式）”可推知，身体的变化使大脑工作得更好。故选B。

【15题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段“Whether that discovery can be turned to account in the way robots are developed remains to be seen. But the way of testing is certainly an out-of-the-box idea.（这一发现是否能在机器人开发中发挥作用还有待观察。但测试的方法确实是一个创新的想法）”可推知，作者对这一发现持客观的态度。故选B。
 

第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Earning an MBA Abroad

Anyone who hopes to lead a Fortune 500 Firm someday should realize that a high-profile leadership role will probably require extensive travel and teamwork with colleagues from all over the world. Any ambitious businessperson may wish to consider attending a business school （B-school） where he or she is neither a citizen nor a permanent resident. When deciding whether to go to a business graduate program in a foreign country, do a cost-benefit analysis. ___16___

Selling Points and Disadvantages

Earning an MBA or another type of graduate business degree in a foreign country bears valuable advantages. One big advantage is that you will be able to learn about new cultures. ___17___It also allows you to experience different working styles and how certain companies operate, which can be beneficial for future employers who want employees with global experience.

___18___International flights to and from a foreign school may be expensive. You may find it harder than they expected to get visas （签证） or work permits for your schooling abroad, which means you might have to leave the country abruptly when you graduate without much time for transmission. You may also be concerned about cultural differences in learning styles, study habits, and academic strictness.

Other Factors to Consider

When comparing MBA programs in different countries, keep several regional distinctions in mind. The standard in some countries is for MBA degrees to be completed within a single year. ___19___The price of B-school in some areas tends to be more expensive and starting salaries among recent MBA graduates tend to be especially high within certain countries.

No matter where in the world you’d prefer to pursue an MBA, it’s wise to investigate your target B-school’s course offerings to assess whether the lessons taught at that school seem interesting and relevant to you. ___20___In other words, think over the location where you intend to spend the majority of your career.

A. This will help in future work opportunities.

B. Another consideration is your final destination.

C. In other places the typical time-to-degree is two years.

D. Admission odds may vary depending on the location of the programs.

E. Unfortunately, there are some downsides to pursuing an MBA overseas.

F. How employers recognize the values of an MBA influences job opportunities.

G. Here is an outline of the pluses and minuses associated with going abroad for B-school.

【答案】16. G 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在决定是否去国外读商科课程时，如何做成本效益分析。

【16题详解】

上文“When deciding whether to go to a business graduate program in a foreign country, do a cost-benefit analysis.（在决定是否去国外读商科研究生课程时，做一个成本效益分析）”讲去国外读商科研究生课程前需要做成本效益分析，G项“Here is an outline of the pluses and minuses associated with going abroad for B-school.（以下是出国读商学院的优缺点概述）”将“cost-benefit analysis”内容具体化，承接上文，并引出下文“Selling Points and Disadvantages（优点和缺点）”对去国外读商科研究生课程优缺点的分析，承上启下。故选G项。

【17题详解】

根据下文“It also allows you to experience different working styles and how certain companies operate, which can be beneficial for future employers who want employees with global experience.（它还可以让你体验不同的工作风格和某些公司的运作方式，这对未来想要拥有全球经验的员工的雇主来说是有益的）”中also可知，上文也是介绍出国读商学院的优点，A项“This will help in future work opportunities.（这将有助于未来的工作机会）”和上文“One big advantage is that you will be able to learn about new cultures.（一个很大的优势是你将能够了解新的文化）”一起说明了出国读商学院的另一个优势：让你能了解新的文化，这有助于增加未来的工作机会，符合上下文语意连贯。故选A项。

【18题详解】

上一段介绍了出国读商学院的两个优势，结合下文“International flights to and from a foreign school may be expensive. You may find it harder than they expected to get visas （签证） or work permits for your schooling abroad（往返外国学校的国际航班可能很贵。你可能会发现在国外上学要获得签证或工作许可比他们预想的要难）”可知，本段分析了出国读商学院可能面临的问题，所以E项“Unfortunately, there are some downsides to pursuing an MBA overseas.（不幸的是，在海外攻读MBA也有一些缺点）”是对本段段首中心句，且与上一段内容相照应。故选E项。

【19题详解】

上文“The standard in some countries is for MBA degrees to be completed within a single year.（在一些国家，MBA学位的标准是在一年内完成）”和C项“In other places the typical time-to-degree is two years.（在其他地方，攻读学位的时间通常是两年）”介绍了不同国家或地区不同的学制设置，是对段首中心句“When comparing MBA programs in different countries, keep several regional distinctions in mind.（在比较不同国家的MBA项目时，要记住几个地区差异）”的举例说明，符合上下文语意连贯。故选C项。

【20题详解】

下文“In other words, think over the location where you intend to spend the majority of your career.（换句话说，考虑一下你打算在哪里度过你职业生涯的大部分时间）”中提到要考虑自己计划中未来的工作地点，根据句中“In other words”可知是对上文的句意的另一种表述，B项“Another consideration is your final destination.（另一个考虑因素是你的最终目的地）”表达了同样的意思：考虑最终的工作地点，上下文语意连贯。故选B项。
 

第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

Malat Leuth Wei, 25, loves being in the gym, flying across the court in a specialized wheelchair. The games are incredibly ___21___, with screeching （刺耳的） tires, crashing metal and the impressive teamwork and courage of the athletes ___22___.

Wei was born in what is now South Sudan and had polio （小儿麻痹症） at age 3. Worse still, his father went ___23___during the civil wars leading to the country’s eventual independence in 2011. During those unsettled times, Wei and his mother ___24___at a camp in Ethiopia, where Wei remembers crawling around on his arms on dirt roads before getting a ___25___. When he was 12, they moved to Houston.

He had a tough time ___26___in the United States. It was quite late in his childhood to make such a huge move, and he was ___27___in sixth grade despite knowing very little English. Some kids made fun of him, but a more ___28___group introduced him to the ___29___that would change the direction of his life.

Wei went to the park with all the children in the ___30___to go play basketball with them. He was the only one ___31___from a wheelchair. The fact that they actually treated him as equal and not somebody ___32___turned out to be where everything started.

Wei ___33___every opportunity to play and compete with them. “It means the world to me just to share my ___34___with the world, of what I have accomplished in life, from where I came from, with ___35___, not knowing how to read or write English.” says Wei.

21. A. easy B. intense C. complex D. close

22. A. in vain B. in style C. on display D. on line

23. A. missing B. fighting C. starving D. begging

24. A. wandered about B. turned up C. ended up D. dropped by

25. A. shelter B. passport C. walking-stick D. wheelchair

26. A. training B. schooling C. adjusting D. travelling

27. A. assigned B. appointed C. admitted D. ranked

28. A. inspiring B. interesting C. challenging D. accepting

29. A. legend B. motto C. sport D. culture

30. A. neighborhood B. camp C. city D. country

31. A. shooting B. rising C. chasing D. kicking

32. A. more B. better C. less D. worse

33. A. loses B. treasures C. deserts D. doubts

34. A. message B. victory C. emotion D. failure

35. A. everything B. nothing C. anything D. something

【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. C 28. A 29. C 30. A 31. A 32. D 33. B 34. A 35. D

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了因小麻痹症而无法行走的Malat Leuth Wei跟着妈妈移民美国后，在生活中遇到很多困难，但最终篮球这项运动让他找到了勇气，给他带来自信。

【21题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：比赛的激烈程度令人难以置信，轮胎发出刺耳的声音，金属碰撞，运动员们展现出令人印象深刻的团队合作和勇气。A. easy容易的；B. intense激烈的；C. complex复杂的；D. close近的。根据下文“with screeching （刺耳的） tires, crashing metal”可知，比赛很激烈的。故选B项。

【22题详解】

考查介词短语辨析。句意：比赛的激烈程度令人难以置信，轮胎发出刺耳的声音，金属碰撞，运动员们展现出令人印象深刻的团队合作和勇气。A. in vain徒劳；B. in style流行；C. on display展出，展示；D. on line在线。根据句中“the impressive teamwork and courage”可知，团队合作和勇气在比赛中得到展示。故选C项。

【23题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，他的父亲在2011年独立前的内战中失踪。A. missing丢失；B. fighting战斗；C. starving挨饿；D. begging乞讨。下文“Wei and his mother　4　at a camp in Ethiopia”没有提到他的父亲，由此推知，他的父亲在内战中失踪。故选A项。

【24题详解】

考查动词短语辨析。句意：在那些动荡不安的日子里，Wei和他的母亲住进了埃塞俄比亚的一个营地，Wei记得，在那里，在得到轮椅之前，他一直用胳膊在土路上爬行。A. wandered about闲逛；B. turned up出现；C. ended up最后到了……；D. dropped by顺便拜访。根据上文“unsettled times”和下文“a camp in Ethiopia”可知，他和母亲流落到了埃塞俄比亚的营地。故选C项。

【25题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：在那些动荡不安的日子里，Wei和他的母亲住进了埃塞俄比亚的一个营地，Wei记得，在那里，在得到轮椅之前，他一直用胳膊在土路上爬行。A. shelter遮蔽物；B. passport护照；C. walking-stick手杖；D. wheelchair轮椅。根据上文“crawling around on his arms”可知，在得到轮椅之前他只能在地上爬。故选D项。

【26题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：在美国，他适应生活方面经历了一段艰难的时期。A. training训练；B. schooling教育；C. adjusting适应；D. travelling旅行。根据下文“knowing very little English”和“Some kids made fun of him”可知，在适应美国生活上遇到困难。故选C项。

【27题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：童年时期的这次搬家太迟了，尽管他对英语知之甚少，但他还是被录取到了六年级。A. assigned分派，分派；B. appointed任命；C. admitted接纳，接收；D. ranked把……分等级。根据句中“in sixth grade”可知，他被录到了六年级。故选C项。

【28题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一些孩子取笑他，但一个更鼓舞人心的团队将他带入了这项改变了他人生方向的运动。A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. interesting有趣的；C. challenging富于挑战性的；D. accepting赞同的。根据上文“Some kids made fun of him”和转折连词but可知，这个团队（group）没有取笑他，而是鼓励他参加篮球运动。故选A项。

【29题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些孩子取笑他，但一个更鼓舞人心的团队将他带入了这项改变了他人生方向的运动。A. legend传说；B. motto座右铭；C. sport体育运动；D. culture文化。根据下文“Wei went to the park with all the children in the　10　 to go play basketball with them”可知，他被带入的是篮球这项运动。故选C项。

【30题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：Wei和邻近街区的孩子们去公园和他们一起打篮球。A. neighborhood街区；B. camp营地；C. city城市；D. country国家。根据句中“went to the park”可知，他应该是和邻近街区的孩子们一起打球。故选A项。

【31题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：他是唯一一个从轮椅上投球的人。A. shooting投（球）；B. rising上升；C. chasing追赶；D. kicking踢。根据上文“play basketball”可知是投球。故选A项。

【32题详解】

考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们平等地对待他，而不把他视作更差的人，这一事实最终成为一切的开始。A. more更多的；B. better更好的；C. less更少的；D. worse更差的。根据句中“treated him as equal”可知，队友们并没有因为他残疾而把他看作更差的人。故选D项。

【33题详解】

考查动词词义辨析。句意：Wei珍惜每一次与他们比赛的机会。A. loses遗失；B. treasures珍惜；C. deserts舍弃；D. doubts怀疑。根据下文“It means the world to me”可知，他珍惜比赛的机会，这对他来说很重要。故选B项。

【34题详解】

考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为不知道读或写英语，对我来说，用某种方式与世界分享我的信息，分享我在生活中取得的成就，分享我来自哪里，意义重大。A. message信息；B. victory胜利；C. emotion情绪；D. failure失败。根据上文“share”和下文“of what I have accomplished in life, from where I came from”可知，他通过参加比赛来分享关于他的信息。故选A项。

【35题详解】

考查代词词义辨析。句意：因为不知道读或写英语，对我来说，用某种方式与世界分享我的信息，分享我在生活中取得的成就，分享我来自哪里，意义重大。A. everything每件事物；B. nothing没有什么；C. anything任何事物；D. something某事。根据“not knowing how to read or write English”可知，他不会读不会写，所以需要用某些方式或事情（with something）来分享自己的信息。故选D项。
 

第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese taikonauts, Zhai Zhigang, Wang Yaping, and Ye Guangfu, conducted the science lecture 400 kilometers above Earth. They interacted with students from five classrooms across China and showed viewers ___36___they live and work inside the space station.

When ___37___（reply） to a Hong Kong student’s question about water, Wang explained that the water they drink ___38___（recycle）, noting that there is no difference in taste ___39___regular water and recycled water and every drop of water is made full use of there. In an experiment, she created a water film using a metal ring and a bag ___40___（fill） with water. Then she placed on the water film a paper flower bud （花蕾） prepared by her daughter and her before the journey. The bud turned around ___41___（magical） on the film and “blossomed.”

Zhai ___42___（introduce） the “penguin jumpsuit” Ye was wearing during the class. The suit has multiple flexible bands inside to help the astronauts maintain their muscle ___43___（strong）.

Ye demonstrated experiments related to cell growth in the ___44___（weight） environment in space. They compared ___45___growth and shape of cells in artificial gravity and zero-gravity to study their changing rules and mechanisms.

【答案】36. how

37. replying

38. is recycled

39. between

40. filled 41. magically

42. introduced

43. strength

44. weightless

45. the

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国宇航员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光福在距地球400公里的太空进行的科学讲座。

【36题详解】

考查名词性从句。句意：他们与来自中国五个教室的学生进行了互动并向观众们展示他们是如何在太空站生活与工作的。分析句子结构可知，“_____they live and work inside the space station.”作动词showed（展示）的宾语，是宾语从句，结合句意分析从句结构，从句中缺少方式状语，表示“如何”，应用连接副词how来引导。故填how。

【37题详解】

考查状语从句的省略。句意：对于香港学生提出的有关水的问题，他解释说：“他们喝的水是循环利用的。普通水和循环利用水的味道没有区别，而且每一滴水都得到了充分利用。”。在when, while, if, as if, though（或although）, as, until, once, whether, unless, where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略从句中跟主句一致的主语和be动词，结合句意，分析子可知，“When　（reply） to a Hong Kong student’s question about water,”是时间状语从句，原句为“When Wang is replying to a Hong Kong student’s question about water,”，符合状语从句省略条件，省略Wang is后，应保留现在分词replying。故填replying。

【38题详解】

考查动词时态语态。句意：对于香港学生提出的有关水的问题，他解释说：“他们喝的水是循环利用的。普通水和循环利用水的味道没有区别，而且每一滴水都得到了充分利用。”。分析句子可知，recycle（循环利用）是宾语从句中谓语动词，与主语the water之间是被动关系，描述客观事实，应使用一般现在时态，又因主语the water是不可数名词，所以谓语动词应使用单数形式。综上，谓语应用一般现在时的被动语态，单数形式。故填is recycled。

【39题详解】

考查介词。句意：对于香港学生提出的有关水的问题，他解释说：“他们喝的水是循环利用的。普通水和循环利用水的味道没有区别，而且每一滴水都得到了充分利用。”。between...and...为固定搭配，意为“……与……之间”。故填between。

【40题详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意：在一次实验中，她用一个金属环和一个装满水的袋子制作了一种水膜。分析句子可知，fill（装满）作后置定语修饰名词bag，是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语bag之间是被动关系，且“装满水”这一动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词，表示被动和完成。故填filled。

【41题详解】

考查副词。句意：花蕾在胶片上神奇地转了个身，开花了。根据句意可知，提示词修饰动词短语turned around，应用副词形式magically，意“神奇地”。故填magically。

【42题详解】

考查动词时态。句意：翟老师介绍了叶老师上课时穿的企鹅连体衣。分析句子可知，introduce（介绍）是句中谓语动词，与主语Zhai之间是主动关系，讲述过去的事情，应使用一般过去时态。故填introduced。

【43题详解】

考查名词。句意：宇航服内部有多个可弯曲的带，以帮助宇航员保持他们的肌肉强度。根据句意和空格前形容词性物主代词their可知，应填入名词strength构成名词词组muscle strength作宾语，意为“肌肉强度”。故填strength。

【44题详解】

考查形容词。句意：叶教授演示了在太空失重环境下细胞生长的相关实验。根据句意可知，提示词作定语修饰名词environment（环境），应用形容词形式，结合常识，此处表示“失重的环境”，应用形容词weightless。故填weightless。

【45题详解】

考查冠词。句意：他们比较了人工重力和零重力条件下细胞的生长和形状，以研究它们的变化规律和机制。句中指人工重力和零重力条件下细胞的“生长和形状”，特指，用定冠词the限定。故填the。
 

第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（满分15分）

46. 你校英语报Endeavor正打算招聘新成员，请你以报社的名义用英文写一则招聘启事，内容如下：

1. 启事目的；

2. 应聘条件；

3. 报名方式和截止日期。

注意：1. 词数80词左右；

2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

New Members Wanted

                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        

【答案】New Members Wanted

Our school newspaper, Endeavor, is in great need of new members. The job mainly includes two parts. One is to choose English articles which are suitable for the students from other newspapers, English magazines and the Internet. The other is to pick out articles from our students and edit them for use.

If you want to apply for the job, you must meet the following requirements. First, you are willing to devote some of your spare time to serving the students. Second, it’s necessary for you to be good at both English and art. Meanwhile, you should be able to use the computer skillfully.

Those who are interested in the job, please send your resume to Endeavor@foxmail.com before Friday. Thanks.

Endeavor Editorial Board

【解析】

【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以校英语报社的名义用英文写一则招聘启事。

【详解】1.词汇积累

急需：in great need of → in great demand of

选择，挑选：choose → select

符合：meet → satisfy

必要的，必需的：necessary → essential

2.句式拓展

同义句转换

原句：Second, it’s necessary for you to be good at both English and art.

拓展句：Second, being good at both English and art is necessary for you.

【点睛】[高分句型1] If you want to apply for the job, you must meet the following requirements. （运用了if引导条件状语从句）

[高分句型2] Those who are interested in the job, please send your resume to Endeavor@foxmail.com before Friday.（运用了who引导的定语从句）
 

第二节（满分25分）

47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

It’s a beautiful sunny day. The Bonds boarded their boat for a carefree day trip to Dove Island for some fishing as a family custom. Thomas Bond, a 30-year-old construction worker, loved the sport, especially catching bass （鲈鱼） and had impressed on his oldest daughter, Lizzy, a love of the outdoors, teaching her how to bait （下诱饵） a hook and cast a line and brave the waves.

The family spent the day fishing in the vast ocean, and then left the island in the early evening. Upon setting off from the shore, they found thick fog rolling in. Lizzy fell into a light sleep beside her five-year-old sister, Molly, at a table on the boat’s lower deck （甲板）. Their father’s sharp orders woke her up: “Get out of the boat. The boat’s sinking!” Lizzy pushed her sister into the cold, dark water. Both girls wore life jackets. The adults did not. The girls were followed by their mother, Petra Bond, who was expecting a baby at that time. Within seconds, the boat was damaged and was left just the tip of its bow in the air.

Looking into the faces of her father, mother, and sister, Lizzy wasn’t frightened. After some time, her father told them he would swim for help. “I’ll be back,” he said before disappearing into the darkness.

“Dad is like the superhero to me. I believe he will get help to rescue us,” Lizzy said to herself. After some time, her mother became quiet and stopped swimming. Lizzy wrapped a rope around her mother’s chest and tied her to the boat so she wouldn’t float away. Then her sister fell quiet too and she stayed beside her.

To keep herself awake, Lizzy daydreamed about what they would do after they were rescued. They would stay in a hotel, order room service, and lie comfortably under the blankets in bed, cozy and warm.

注意：

1. 续写词数应为150左右；

2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

After several hours, Lizzy heard her name called in the distance.

                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        

On the coast, an ambulance was waiting for them.

                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        
                                                                                                                                        

【答案】After several hours, Lizzy heard her name called in the distance.“It’s dad.” Lizzy called out and began to shake her sleepy mother and sister. Mother opened her eyes and squeezed out a faint smile and fell asleep again. Through the thick fog, a white small boat sliding close. Lizzy cried out, “Dad, here”, with tears rolling down her face. Finally, Dad got three of them into the boat where Lizzy finally closed her eyes, exhausted and relieved. She knew they were rescued.

On the coast, an ambulance was waiting for them.With the help of the nurses, they all got in. Wrapped in a warm blanket, Lizzy sit beside her family, looking at her mom on the bed. Suddenly, Lizzy turned to her father and said, “I knew you would be back, Dad.” “I knew you would keep mother and sister safe”, her father hugged her. Tears rolled down their faces.

【解析】

【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了Lizzy和妹妹跟随爸爸妈妈出海钓鱼，遭遇沉船落水，爸爸留下Lizzy照顾妈妈和妹妹，自己游去寻求救援，妈妈的妹妹体力不支快失去意识，只有Lizzy坚持着保护着她们，等待爸爸归来。

【详解】1.段落续写：

①由第一段首句内容“几个小时后，利奇听到远处有人叫她的名字。”可知，第一段可描写爸爸归来，三人获救。

②由第二段首句内容“在海岸上，一辆救护车正等着他们”可知，第二段可描写获救后利齐与爸爸的对话。

2.续写线索：爸爸归来——三人获救——得到救助——父女对话

3.词汇激活

行为类

①大喊：cry out/yell/scream

②营救：rescue/save

③在……的帮助下：with the help of/with the aid of

情绪类

①疲倦的：exhausted/tired

【点睛】[高分句型1] Finally, Dad got three of them into the boat where Lizzy finally closed her eyes, exhausted and relieved.（运用了where引导定语从句和形容词作状语）

[高分句型2] She knew they were rescued.（运用了省略连词的宾语从句）

[高分句型3] Wrapped in a warm blanket, Lizzy sit beside her family, looking at her mom on the bed.（运用了过去分词和现在分词作状语）